PHP怎么安装扩展?
php安装扩展的几种方法
注意
与Apache+PHP或者Nginx+PHP的运行模式不同,WorkerMan是基于PHP命令行 PHP CLI 运行的,使用的是不同的PHP可执行程序,使用的php.ini文件也可能不同。所以在网页中打印phpinfo()看到安装了某个扩展,不代表命令行的PHP CLI也安装了对应的扩展。
如何确定PHP CLI安装了哪些扩展
运行 php -m 会列出命令行 PHP CLI 已经安装的扩展,结果类似如下:
~# php -m [PHP Modules] libevent posix pcntl ...
如何确定PHP CLI 的php.ini文件的位置
当我们安装扩展时,可能需要手动配置php.ini文件,把扩展加进去,所以要确认PHP CLI的php.ini文件的位置。可以运行php --ini查找PHP CLI的ini文件位置,结果类似如下(各个系统显示结果会有差异):
~# php --ini Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /etc/php5/cli Loaded Configuration File: /etc/php5/cli/php.ini Scan for additional .ini files in: /etc/php5/cli/conf.d Additional .ini files parsed: /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/apc.ini, /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/libevent.ini, /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/memcached.ini, /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/mysql.ini, /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/pdo.ini, /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/pdo_mysql.ini ...
给PHP CLI安装扩展(安装memcached扩展为例)
方法一、使用apt或者yum命令安装
如果PHP是通过 apt 或者 yum 命令安装的,则扩展也可以通过 apt 或者 yum 安装
debian/ubuntu等系统apt安装PHP扩展方法(非root用户需要加sudo命令)
1、利用apt-cache search查找扩展包
~# apt-cache search memcached php php-apc - APC (Alternative PHP Cache) module for PHP 5 php5-memcached - memcached module for php5
2、使用apt-get install安装扩展包
~# apt-get install -y php5-memcached Reading package lists... Done Reading state information... Done ...
centos等系统yum安装PHP扩展方法
1、利用yum search查找扩展包
~# yum search memcached php php-pecl-memcached - memcached module for php5
2、使用yum install安装扩展包
~# yum install -y php-pecl-memcached Reading package lists... Done Reading state information... Done ...
说明:
使用apt或者yum安装PHP扩展会自动配置php.ini文件,安装完直接可用,十分方便。缺点是有些扩展在apt或者yum中没有对应的扩展安装包。
方法二、使用pecl安装
使用pecl install命令安装扩展
1、pecl install安装
~# pecl install memcached downloading memcached-2.2.0.tgz ... Starting to download memcached-2.2.0.tgz (70,449 bytes) ....
2、配置php.ini
通过运行 php --ini查找php.ini文件位置,然后在文件中添加extension=memcached.so
方法三、源码编译安装(一般是安装PHP自带的扩展,以安装pcntl扩展为例)
1、利用php -v命令查看当前的PHP CLI的版本
~# php -v PHP 5.3.29-1~dotdeb.0 with Suhosin-Patch (cli) (built: Aug 14 2014 19:55:20) Copyright (c) 1997-2014 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2014 Zend Technologies
2、根据版本下载PHP源代码
PHP历史版本下载页面:http://php.net/releases/
3、解压源码压缩包
例如下载的压缩包名称是php-5.3.29.tar.gz
~# tar -zxvf php-5.3.29.tar.gz php-5.3.29/ php-5.3.29/README.WIN32-BUILD-SYSTEM php-5.3.29/netware/ ...
4、进入源码中的ext/pcntl目录
~# cd php-5.3.29/ext/pcntl/
5、运行 phpize 命令
~# phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20090626 Zend Module Api No: 20090626 Zend Extension Api No: 220090626
6、运行 configure命令
~# ./configure checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E ...
7、运行 make 命令
~# make /bin/bash /tmp/php-5.3.29/ext/pcntl/libtool --mode=compile cc ... -I/usr/include/php5 -I/usr/include/php5/main -I/usr/include/php5/TSRM -I/usr/include/php5/Zend... ...
8、运 行make install 命令
~# make install Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib/php5/20090626/
9、配置ini文件
通过运行 php --ini查找php.ini文件位置,然后在文件中添加extension=pcntl.so
说明: 此方法一般用来安装PHP自带的扩展,例如posix扩展和pcntl扩展。除了用phpize编译某个扩展,也可以重新编译整个PHP,在编译时用参数添加扩展,例如在源码根目录运行
~# ./configure --enable-pcntl --enable-posix ... ~# make && make install
方法四、phpize安装
如果要安装的扩展在php源码ext目录中没有,那么这个扩展需要到http://pecl.php.net 搜索下载
以安装libevent扩展为例(假设系统安装了libevent-dev库)
1、下载libevent扩展文件压缩包(在当前系统哪个目录下载随意)
~# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/libevent-0.1.0.tgz --2015-05-26 21:43:40-- http://pecl.php.net/get/libevent-0.1.0.tgz Resolving pecl.php.net... 104.236.228.160 Connecting to pecl.php.net|104.236.228.160|:80... connected. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK Length: 9806 (9.6K) [application/octet-stream] Saving to: “libevent-0.1.0.tgz” 100%[=======================================================>] 9,806 41.4K/s in 0.2s
2、解压扩展文件压缩包
~# tar -zxvf libevent-0.1.0.tgz package.xml libevent-0.1.0/config.m4 libevent-0.1.0/CREDITS libevent-0.1.0/libevent.c ....
3、进入到源码目录
~# cd libevent-0.1.0/
4、运行phpize命令
~# phpize Configuring for: PHP Api Version: 20090626 Zend Module Api No: 20090626 Zend Extension Api No: 220090626
5、运行configure命令
~# ./configure checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed checking for cc... cc checking whether the C compiler works... yes ...
6、运行make命令
~# /bin/bash /data/test/libevent-0.1.0/libtool --mode=compile cc -I. -I/data/test/libevent-0.1.0 -DPHP_ATOM_INC -I/data/test/libevent-0.1.0/include ...
7、运行make install命令
~# make install Installing shared extensions: /usr/lib/php5/20090626/
8、配置ini文件
通过运行 php --ini查找php.ini文件位置,然后在文件中添加extension=libevent.so
更多相关知识,请访问 PHP中文网!!

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