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PHP中exec与shell_exec函数区别

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:19 AM
exec linux php shell different and function the difference Order implement yes of Obtain return

这两个函数都是执行Linux命令函数,不同的是获取返回结果不一样,exec只能获取最后一行数据,shell_execu则可以获取全部数据。  

假如脚本路径下有如下文件

-bash-4.1# ll
总用量 12
-rw-rw-r--. 1 www web 133  7月 16 15:00 a.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee web  59  2月 29 17:05 b.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee web  81  3月  8 17:00 c.php

先看一下php手册对这二个函数的解释:

exec --- 执行外部程式

  语法 : string exec ( string command [, array &output [, int &return_var]] )

  说明 :

  exec( )执行给予的命令command,不过它并不会输出任何东西,它简单的从命令的结果中传回最后一行,如果你需要去执行一个命令,并且从命令去取得所有资料时,可以使用passthru( )这个函数。

  如果有给予参数array,则指定的数组将会被命令所输出的每一行填满,注意 : 如果数组先前已经包含了一些元素的话,exec( )将会把它附加在数组的后面,如果你不想要此函数附加元素的话,你可以在传递此数组给exec( )之前呼叫unset( )。


exec例子

 代码如下 复制代码

/**
 * exec与shell_exec的区别
 * 琼台博客
 */
$data = exec('/bin/ls -l');
echo '

	'; 
print_r($data); 
echo '
Copy after login
Copy after login
';
?>

 

执行结果

 
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee web  81 Mar  8 17:00 c.phpshell_exec例子

shell_exec()

  shell_exec() 命令行实际上仅是反撇号 (`) 操作符的变体。如果您编写过 shell 或 Perl 脚本,您就知道可以在反撇号操作符内部捕捉其他命令的输出。例如,清单 1 显示了如何使用反撇号在当前目录中获取每个文本(.txt)的单词计数。


在 shell_exec()
中运行相同的命令

 代码如下 复制代码


$results
=
shell_exec
(
'
wc -w *.txt
'
)
;

echo

$results
;

?>

在图 1 中可以看到,获得的结果与从 shell 脚本得到的一样

exec与shell_exec的区别

 

 代码如下 复制代码
/**
 * 
 * 琼台博客
 */
$data = shell_exec('/bin/ls -l');
echo '
	'; 
print_r($data); 
echo '
Copy after login
Copy after login
';
?>

执行结果

 total 12
-rw-rw-r--. 1 www web 139 Jul 16  2012 a.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee web  59 Feb 29 17:05 b.php
-rw-r--r--. 1 lee web  81 Mar  8 17:00 c.php所以平时使用exec函数的童鞋注意了,如果你需要获取全部返回信息,就应该使用shell_exec函数,当然,如果命令执行结果只有一行返回信息,那么使用哪个都无所谓


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