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迅速掌握PHP导出Word文档原理

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:11 AM
com doc php word generally use principle Can Export master document method yes have fast

一般,有2种方法可以导出doc文档,一种是使用com,并且作为php的一个扩展库安装到服务器上,然后创建一个com,调用它的方法。安装过office的服务器可以调用一个叫word.application的com,可以生成word文档,不过这种方式我不推荐,因为执行效率比较低(我测试了一下,在执行代码的时候,服务器会真的去打开一个word客户端)。理想的com应该是没有界面的,在后台进行数据转换,这样效果会比较好,但是这些扩展一般需要收费。

第2种方法,就是用PHP导出Word文档内容直接写入一个后缀为doc的文件中即可。使用这种方法不需要依赖第三方扩展,而且执行效率较高。

word本身的功能还是很强大的,它可以打开html格式的文件,并且能够保留格式,即使后缀为doc,它也能识别正常打开。这就为我们提供了方便。但是有一个问题,html格式的文件中的图片只有一个地址,真正的图片是保存在其他地方的,也就是说,如果将HTML格式写入doc中,那么doc中将不能包含图片。那我们如何创建包含图片的doc文档呢?我们可以使用和html很接近的mht格式。

mht格式和html很类似,只不过在mht格式中,外部链接进来的文件,比如图片、Javascript、CSS会被base64进行编码存储。因此,单个mht文件就可以保存一个网页中的所有资源,当然,相比html,它的尺寸也会比较大。

mht格式能被word识别吗?我将一个网页保存成mht,然后修改后缀名为doc,再用word打开,OK,word也可以识别mht文件,并且可以显示图片。

好了,既然doc可以识别mht,下面就是考虑如何将图片放入mht了。由于html代码中的图片的地址都是写在img标签的src属性中,因此,只要提取html代码中的src属性值,就可以获得图片地址。当然,有可能您获取到的是相对路径,没关系,加上URL的前缀,改成绝对路径就可以了。有了图片地址,我们就可以通过file_get_content函数获取到图片文件的具体内容,然后调用base64_encode函数将文件内容编码成base64编码,最后插入到mht文件的合适位置即可。

最后,我们有两种PHP导出Word文档方法将文件发送给客户端,一种是先在服务器端生成一个doc文档,然后将这个doc文档的地址记录下来,最后,通过header("location:xx.doc");就可以让客户端下载这个doc。还有一种是直接发送html请求,修改HTML协议的header部分,将它的content-type设置为application/doc,将content-disposition设置为attachment,后面跟上文件名,发送完html协议以后,直接将文件内容发送给客户端,也可以让客户端下载到这个doc文档。


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