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PHP PDO类解决数据库连接问题

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:10 AM
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对于初次接触

POD扩展是在PHP5中加入,该扩展提供PHP PDO类来对数据库进行访问,不同数据库使用相同的方法名,解决数据库连接不统一的问题。

PHP PDO类的目标

提供一种轻型、清晰、方便的 API
统一各种不同 RDBMS 库的共有特性,但不排除更高级的特性。
通过 PHP 脚本提供可选的较大程度的抽象/兼容性。

PHP PDO类的特点:

性能。PDO 从一开始就吸取了现有数据库扩展成功和失败的经验教训。因为 PDO 的代码是全新的,所以我们有机会重新开始设计性能,以利用 PHP 5 的最新特性。
能力。PDO 旨在将常见的数据库功能作为基础提供,同时提供对于 RDBMS 独特功能的方便访问。
简单。PDO 旨在使您能够轻松使用数据库。API 不会强行介入您的代码,同时会清楚地表明每个函数调用的过程。
运行时可扩展。PDO 扩展是模块化的,使您能够在运行时为您的数据库后端加载驱动程序,而不必重新编译或重新安装整个 PHP 程序。例如,PDO_OCI 扩展会替代 PDO 扩展实现 oracle 数据库 API。还有一些用于 MySQL、PostgreSQL、ODBC 和 Firebird 的驱动程序,更多的驱动程序尚在开发。 [separator]

安装PHP PDO类

我这里是WINDOWS下开发用的PDO扩展,要是你要在Linux下安装配置,请到别的地方寻找。

版本要求:php5.1以及以后版本的程序包里已经带了;php5.0.x则要到pecl.php.net下载,放到你的扩展库,就是PHP所在的文件夹的ext文件夹下;手册上说5.0之前的版本不能运行PDO扩展。

配置:

修改你的php.ini配置文件,使它支持pdo.(php.ini这个东西没有弄懂的话,先弄清楚,要修改调用你的phpinfo()函数所显示的那个php.ini)把extension=php_pdo.dll前面的分号去掉,分毫是php配置文件注释符号,这个扩展是必须的。往下还有

;extension=php_pdo.dll
;extension=php_pdo_firebird.dll
;extension=php_pdo_informix.dll
;extension=php_pdo_mssql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_mysql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_oci.dll
;extension=php_pdo_oci8.dll
;extension=php_pdo_odbc.dll
;extension=php_pdo_pgsql.dll
;extension=php_pdo_sqlite.dll

PHP PDO类扩展所对应的数据库是:

Driver name Supported databases
PDO_DBLIB FreeTDS / Microsoft SQL Server / Sybase
PDO_FIREBIRD Firebird/Interbase 6
PDO_INFORMIX IBM Informix Dynamic Server
PDO_MYSQL MySQL 3.x/4.x
PDO_OCI Oracle Call Interface
PDO_ODBC ODBC v3 (IBM DB2, unixODBC and win32 ODBC)
PDO_PGSQL PostgreSQL
PDO_SQLITE SQLite 3 and SQLite 2

你要使用哪种数据库,只要把相应的扩展前的注释符号";"去掉就可以了。


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