PHP APC的安装与高级使用
因为这个东西如果叫”可选PHP缓存”,容易给人一种可要可不要的,不怎么有用的错觉。
APC的主页是:http://pecl.php.net /package/apc.目前的版本是3.0.14,通过PECL安装,需要php4.3.0或更高版本.
PHP APC的安装:
一般是下载源代码然后phpize来编译安装,安装完以后在加上php.ini里加上
extension=apc.so
这么一行就行了.
PHP APC的使用：
APC的使用其实倒说不上.APC是个优化器,自安装之日起,就默默地在后台为您的PHP应用服务了.您的所有PHP代码会被缓存起来. 另外,APC可提供一定的内存缓存功能.但是这个功能并不是十分完美,有报告说如果频繁使用APC缓存的写入功能,会导致不可预料的错误.如果想使用这个功能,可以看看apc_fetch,apc_store等几个与apc缓存相关的函数. 从PHP5.2开始,APC引入了一个小甜饼,解决了困扰大家已久的大文件上传的进度条问题.
PHP APC的高级使用
1.缓存期限: APC的缓存分两部分:系统缓存和用户数据缓存.
系统缓存 是自动使用的,是指APC把PHP文件源码的编译结果缓存起来,然后在再次调用时先对比时间标记。如果未过期,则使用缓存代码运行。默认缓存 3600s(一小时).但是这样仍会浪费大量CPU时间.因此可以在php.ini中设置system缓存为永不过期(apc.ttl=0).不过如果这样设置,改运php代码后需要restart一下您的web服务器(比如apache…).目前对APC的性能测试一般指的是这一层cache;
用户数据缓存 由用户在编写php代码时用apc_store和apc_fetch函数操作读取、写入的.如果量不大的话我建议可以使用一下.如果量大,我建议使用memcache会更好. 如果要享受APC带来的缓存大文件上传进度的特性,需要在php.ini中将apc.rfc1867设为1,并且在表单中加一个隐藏域APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS,这个域的值可以随机生成一个hash,以确何唯一.具体例子请参见前面给出的链接.
2.状态控制和分析: PHP APC的源码包自带了一个apc.php;您可以将这个文件上传到web服务器的某个目录下,用浏览器访问,这会显示当前的状态.我们可以从这里的表格分析当前的缓存状况,作出进一步优化. apc-info-clublocalhost2.png 这是某test站点的状态.您可以慢慢分析,这个工具会提供很多有用的工具.比如您可以看到哪些文件经常被包含(访问),您缓存的哪个变量经常被读取,或经常被更新等. 最后顺便提一句,有独立报告说,PHP APC的代码缓存、优化效果要高出zend优化器.就算不是真的,他开源而又免费,实在是一个相当不错的选择
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