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基于PHP的AJAX技术的具体应用解析

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:05 AM
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我们今天为大家带来的是有关基于但是标准的AJAX类(XmlHttpRequest)无法实现传输文件的功能。因此,这里讨论的内容就是如何在基于PHP的AJAX技术的基础之上构建异步的文件上传功能。在这个功能当中需要使用到内置的框及(IFRAME)来传输文件。这个功能实现的效果是页面在上传文件的时候,用户还可以使用该页面并且填写文件描述。

这个例子是我们引用AJAX的经典案例进行分析的。

系统环境

· 较新版本的浏览器。例如Opera,Firefox或者 Internet Explorer。

· PHP 4.3.0 或更高版本

· PHP 5 版本

· PHP 中的 'short_open_tag' 选项开启(否则会发生解析错误)。

基于PHP的AJAX技术功能分析

通过内置的IFRAME(框架)进行文件上传。具备包括三个部分组成。

· 在页面中间有一个简单的<form...表单,表单只包含了<input type="file" ... >控件。这个表单的目标链接就是一个隐藏得IFRAME(通过 CSS的风格" display: none;"实现)并且表单里面唯一一个控件的OnChange事件用来触发javascript函数。这个函数的作用是检查用户提交的扩展名,然后提交表单。

· 在服务器端用PHP编写了一个处理过程(用FILEFRAME坐注释了)。这个处理过程用来把从客户端上传的文件进行检查后保存在服务器,并且通过 Javascript代码的形式返回给用户。返回给用户的Javascript脚本通过"parent.window.document"更改了用户现在正在查看的页面,设置了文件的名称并启用了让用户提交表单的按钮。启用按钮的操作是通过getElementById函数实现的。

· 在主页面还有一个表单,它包含了用户提交的描述和隐藏的文件名。用户可以在文件上传的同时填写文件的描述。当文件上传结束以后,用户点击按钮,就可以看上传以后返回给用户的文件信息了。(通过返回来的文件名和用户输入的描述构成文件信息)。

可能你会说这么操作不符合常理:文件在用户确认之前就已经被提交了。如果用户没有提交的话,情况会如何呢。你可以自己在扩展处理被用户放弃的文件。

这个例子把文件存储在一个文件系统的目录下。你需要在脚本开始运行的时候配置下这个目录,具体的包含这个目录信息的变量是$upload_dir 和$web_upload_dir。这里有一个对目录是否可写的权限检查。

这里我们用到了以下几个PHP函数:

· move_uploaded_file - 转移一经上传到服务器的文件

· fopen - 打开文件

· fwrite - 把内容写入文件

· fclose - 关闭文件

· str_replace - 替换字符串

· filesize - 返回文件大小

· filemtime - 返回处理时间

在运用基于PHP的AJAX技术时你可以通过手册查到这些函数如何使用。请注意要把HTM(<, >, &)标记替换为(<, > 和 &).


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