使用CakePHP脚手架工具设置数据库和模型
CakePHP脚手架工具主要是用来设置数据库和模型的。下面介绍这个CakePHP脚手架工具的操作原理及方法。
我们已经知道,模型类通常都是用来与数据库进行互动的。在CakePHP中,一个模型类通常都对应数据库中的莫个表。所有对表进行的数据库操作都是通过对应的模型类来实施的。CakePHP的模型与数据库表之间的对应关系无需设置。相反,CakePHP使用了一些简单的命名规则来实现这一效果,在这一部分,我们将了解到如何为数据库中的表的创建对已的模型类。CakePHP提供了一个名为"脚手架"工具来帮助我们检查先前创建好的模型和数据库表。我们也将了解到如何使用“脚手架”功能完成这一工作。
为数据库中的表创建模型
在了解模型类是如何与数据库表进行互动之前,我们首先要创建一个数据库表。在接下来这一部分中,我们首先将创建一个数据库表,然后了解如何为这个表创建一个模型类。然后我们也会使用脚手架功能对新创建的模型和数据表进行一个快速的测试。
动手时间:创建一个数据库表以及对应的模型
1,在MySQL命令提示行中,我们输入如下数据库命令来创建一个名为data-access的新数据库。
<ol class="dp-sql"><li class="alt"><span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">CREATE</font></strong></span><span> </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">DATABASE</font></strong></span><span> `data-access`; </span></span></li></ol>
2,通过执行下面的SQL语句来创建一个“books”表:
<ol class="dp-sql"> <li class="alt"><span><span>USE `data-access`; </span></span></li> <li class=""> <span></span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">CREATE</font></strong></span><span> </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">TABLE</font></strong></span><span> `books` ( </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>`id` </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">int</font></strong></span><span>( 11 ) </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NOT</font></span><span> </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NULL</font></span><span> AUTO_INCREMENT </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">PRIMARY</font></strong></span><span> </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">KEY</font></strong></span><span> , </span> </li> <li class=""> <span>`isbn` </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">varchar</font></strong></span><span>( 10 ) </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NOT</font></span><span> </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NULL</font></span><span> , </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>`title` </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">varchar</font></strong></span><span>( 127 ) </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NOT</font></span><span> </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NULL</font></span><span> , </span> </li> <li class=""> <span>`description` text </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NOT</font></span><span> </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NULL</font></span><span> , </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span>`author_name` </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">varchar</font></strong></span><span>( 127 ) </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NOT</font></span><span> </span><span class="op"><font color="#808080">NULL</font></span><span> </span> </li> <li class=""><span>) </span></li> <li class="alt"><span> </span></li> </ol>
3,将一份全新的CakePHP文件夹放置到你的网页根目录下。将Cake的文件夹重命名为data-access.
4,进入Cake安装文件夹下的/app/config目录。你找到一个名为 database.php.default的文件。将这个文件重命名为database.php。使用你喜欢的编辑器打开它。编辑文件中的$default数组以配置好你的数据库。在编辑好之后,它看起来应该跟下面这段内容差不多
<ol class="dp-sql"> <li class="alt"><span><span>var $</span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">default</font></strong></span><span> = array( </span></span></li> <li class=""> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'driver'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'mysql'</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'persistent'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="keyword"><strong><font color="#006699">false</font></strong></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class=""> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'host'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'localhost'</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'port'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">''</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class=""> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'login'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'username'</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'password'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'password'</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class=""> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'database'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'data-access'</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'schema'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">''</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class=""> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'prefix'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">''</font></span><span>, </span> </li> <li class="alt"> <span> </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">'encoding'</font></span><span> => </span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">''</font></span><span> </span> </li> <li class=""><span> ); </span></li> </ol>
5,现在,在你的浏览器中输入如下地址

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