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IIS下配置PHP的ISAPI和FastCGI比较

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:03 AM
fastcgi iis php windows Down and exist Compare of Configuration

在Windows IIS 6.0下配置PHP,通常有CGI、ISAPI和FastCGI三种配置方式,这三种模式都可以在IIS 6.0下成功运行,下面我就讲一下这三种方式配置的区别和性能上的差异。

1、CGI(通用网关接口/Common Gateway Interface)一般是可执行程序,例如EXE文件,和WEB服务器各自占据着不同的进程,而且一般一个CGI程序只能处理一个用户请求。这样,当用户请求数量非常多时,会大量占用系统的资源,如内存、CPU时间等,造成效能低下。

2、ISAPI(Internet Server Application Program Interface)是微软提供的一套面向WEB服务的API接口,它能实现CGI提供的全部功能,并在此基础上进行了扩展,如提供了过滤器应用程序接口。ISAPI应用大多数以DLL动态库的形式使用,可以在被用户请求后执行,,在处理完一个用户请求后不会马上消失,而是继续驻留在内存中等待处理别的用户输入。此外,ISAPI的DLL应用程序和WEB服务器处于同一个进程中,效率要显著高于CGI。

在Windows Server 2003的IIS6下配置ISAPI方式的PHP,配置方法是,在IIS的“WEB服务扩展”中,添加一个新的WEB服务扩展,程序后缀为PHP,ISAPI程序为php5isapi.dll,然后再“环境变量”-“系统变量”中增加变量名PHPRC,数值为php.ini的路径,在Internet信息服务管理器中,选择网站或应用程序的根目录,打开目录属性页(右键选择“属性”),再选择“主目录”。点击“配置”按钮,选择“映射”Tab页。点击“添加...”,在“可执行文件”设为: c:phpphp5isapi.dll,扩展名设为.php,选择“确认文件是否存在”,然后“确定”保存设置。重启服务器即可完成PHP的配置。

3、FastCGI是可伸缩架构的CGI开放扩展,其主要行为是将CGI解释器进程保持在内存中并因此获得较高的性能。传统的CGI解释器的反复加载是CGI性能低下的主要原因,如果CGI解释器保持在内存中并接受FastCGI进程管理器调度,则可以提供良好的性能、伸缩性等。

FastCGI已经集成于IIS7,也支持IIS6,在IIS6中的安装方法可参见微软的官方文档,我这里简单翻译一下。

先点这里下载一个32位的FastCGI extension for IIS,然后将其安装,安装后的文件应该放到system32inetsrv目录下。

之后打开system32inetsrv目录,执行下面的语句,其中c:php为你的PHP目录,可以修改为其他数值。

<ol class="dp-c"><li class="alt"><span><span>cscript fcgiconfig.js -add -section:</span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">"PHP"</font></span><span> -extension:php -path:</span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">"c:phpphp-cgi.exe"</font></span><span> </span></span></li></ol>
Copy after login

在Internet信息服务管理器中,选择网站或应用程序的根目录,打开目录属性页(右键选择“属性”),再选择“主目录”。点击“配置”按钮,选择“映射”Tab页。点击“添加...”,在“可执行文件”设为: c:windowssystem32inetsrvfcgiext.dll,扩展名设为.php,选择“确认文件是否存在”,然后“确定”保存设置。

修改php.ini文件,增加如下语句:

<ol class="dp-c">
<li class="alt"><span><span>fastcgi.impersonate = 1  </span></span></li>
<li class=""><span>cgi.fix_pathinfo = 1  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>cgi.force_redirect = 0 </span></li>
</ol>
Copy after login

之后打开system32inetsrv目录,执行以下语句:

<ol class="dp-c">
<li class="alt"><span><span>cscript fcgiconfig.js -set -section:</span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">"PHP"</font></span><span> -InstanceMaxRequests:10000  </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span>cscript fcgiconfig.js -set -section:</span><span class="string"><font color="#0000ff">"PHP"</font></span><span> -EnvironmentVars:PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS:10000 </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

最后,配置c:php目录的安全性,使得IIS_WPG组对于这个目录有读取和执行的权限。

这时候,基于FastCGI的PHP就成功配置到IIS6上了。

不过根据我自己的测试,FastCGI的性能比ISAPI的好像高不了多少,不知道Windows Server 2008下的IIS7是不是会好一些。这里是微软提供的基于内置FastCGI的IIS7安装PHP的方法。


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