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PHP zlib扩展页面GZIP压缩功能详解

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:39 AM
gzip php zlib common Function compression and accomplish Expand server Browser want Detailed explanation need page

要实现GZIP压缩页面需要浏览器和服务器共同支持,实际上就是服务器压缩,传到浏览器后浏览器解压并解析。浏览器那边不需要我们担心,因为现在绝大多数浏览器都支持解析GZIP过的页面。我们只要把页面在服务器端压缩再输出到浏览器就行了。

有点罗嗦,下面说正事:

正如要制作压缩饼干,先要拿到原料,要压缩一个页面,首先要获得要输出的内容。PHP中的ob_start()(ob => output buffer)函数可以实现这个功能,它可以把程序里准备输出的内容先放到一个叫做“缓冲区”的地方,当然,你可以理解为制作压缩饼干的暂时放原料的工作台。
这个函数一定要在页面输出之前使用,所以一般把它放在代码的最顶端。因为它就像是一个工作台,所以你要在原料到来之前就要准备好它,否则原料来了没地方放,会出问题的。用ob_start()得到要压缩的页面之后,我们就可以制作压缩饼干了,不对,应该是可以压缩页面了!不过好像还缺少一台压缩机, EZ,我们用PHP带的zlib扩展做一台:

代码如下:

function ob_gzip($content) // $content 就是要压缩的页面内容,或者说饼干原料
{
if( !headers_sent() && // 如果页面头部信息还没有输出
extension_loaded("zlib") && // 而且zlib扩展已经加载到PHP中
strstr($_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"],"gzip")) //而且浏览器说它可以接受GZIP的页面
{
$content = gzencode($content." //此页已压缩",9); 为准备压缩的内容贴上“//此页已压缩”的注释标签,然后用zlib提供的gzencode()函数执行级别为9的压缩,这个参数值范围是0-9,0表示无压缩,9表示最大压缩,当然压缩程度越高越费CPU。

//然后用header()函数给浏览器发送一些头部信息,告诉浏览器这个页面已经用GZIP压缩过了!
header("Content-Encoding: gzip");
header("Vary: Accept-Encoding");
header("Content-Length: ".strlen($content));
}
return $content; //返回压缩的内容,或者说把压缩好的饼干送回工作台。
}

压缩机做好了之后,我们把压缩机放到工作台上,于是原来的ob_start()变成

ob_start(ob_gzip); //没错,就是给ob_start()加一个参数,参数名就是我们刚才做的“压缩机”的函数名。这样当内容进入缓冲区后PHP就会调用ob_gzip函数把它压缩了。
好了,所有的工作已完成,最后交货:

ob_end_flush(); //结束缓冲区,输出内容。当然,不用这个函数也行,因为程序执行到最后会自动将缓冲区内容输出。
完整的示例如下:

代码如下:

//启用一个带有ob_gzip压缩机的工作台
ob_start(ob_gzip);
//准备一些待压缩的内容
for($i=0; $i{
echo(这里是压缩饼干的原料,这里是压缩饼干的原料,原料);
}
// 输出压缩成果
ob_end_flush();
//这是ob_gzip压缩机
function ob_gzip($content)
{
if( !headers_sent() &&
extension_loaded("zlib") &&
strstr($_SERVER["HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING"],"gzip"))
{
$content = gzencode($content." //此页已压缩",9);

header("Content-Encoding: gzip");
header("Vary: Accept-Encoding");
header("Content-Length: ".strlen($content));
}
return $content;
}
?>

经过实际测试,上面代码中如果不用GZIP,是4.69KB=4802.56B,启用GZIP后缩小为104B ,呃……我数学可能不好,自己算下压缩到了原来的百分之多少吧。。

另外,下面是用FlashGet获取的日志信息,可以看到我们程序里加的header信息:

代码如下:

Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Server: Microsoft-IIS/5.1
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Date: Fri, 25 Jan 2008 09:53:10 GMT
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Connection: close
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 X-Powered-By: PHP/5.2.5
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Content-Encoding: gzip
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Vary: Accept-Encoding
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Content-Length: 104
Fri Jan 25 17:53:10 2008 Content-type: text/html

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