Home php教程 php手册 PHP对GB编码动态转UTF-8几种方法评测

PHP对GB编码动态转UTF-8几种方法评测

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:29 AM
php utf-8 one several kinds dynamic exist right mentioned method use coding Review change

在《IP地址->地理位置转换的测评》一文中提到用ip2addr函数直接读取IP数据库文件是效率最高的,相比用MySQL数据库存储IP数据,用SQL查询是效率最低的。但是IP数据库文件QQWry.dat是GB2312编码的。现在我需要UTF-8编码的地理位置结果。如果用MySQL方法,可以在数据存入数据库时就转换为UTF-8编码,一劳永逸。但是QQWry.dat文件又无法修改,只能把ip2addr函数的输出结果再进行动态转换。

动态转换GB->UTF-8编码至少有四种方法:

用PHP的iconv扩展转换

用PHP的mb_string扩展转换

用对换表转换,对换表存储在MySQL数据库中

用对换表转换,对换表存储在文本文件中

前两种方法要服务器作了相应设置(编译安装了相应扩展)才能使用。我的虚拟主机没有这两个扩展,只好考虑后两种方法。前两个方法本文也不进行测评。

测评程序如下(func_ip.php参见《IP地址->地理位置转换的测评》一文):

require_once ("func_ip.php");
function u2utf8($c) {
 $str = "";
 if ($c    $str .= $c;
 } elseif ($c    $str .= chr(0xC0 | $c >> 6);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c & 0x3F);
 } elseif ($c    $str .= chr(0xE0 | $c >> 12);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c >> 6 & 0x3F);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c & 0x3F);
 } elseif ($c    $str .= chr(0xF0 | $c >> 18);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c >> 12 & 0x3F);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c >> 6 & 0x3F);
   $str .= chr(0x80 | $c & 0x3F);
 }
 return $str;
}
function GB2UTF8_SQL($strGB) {
 if (!trim($strGB)) return $strGB;
 $strRet = "";
 $intLen = strlen($strGB);
 for ($i = 0; $i    if (ord($strGB{$i}) > 127) {
       $strCurr = substr($strGB, $i, 2);
       $intGB = hexdec(bin2hex($strCurr)) - 0x8080;
       $strSql = "SELECT code_unicode FROM nnstats_gb_unicode
         WHERE code_gb = ".$intGB." LIMIT 1"
       ;
       $resResult = mysql_query($strSql);
       if ($arrCode = mysql_fetch_array($resResult)) $strRet .= u2utf8($arrCode["code_unicode"]);
       else $strRet .= "??";
       $i++;
   } else {
       $strRet .= $strGB{$i};
   }
 }
 return $strRet;
}
function GB2UTF8_FILE($strGB) {
 if (!trim($strGB)) return $strGB;
 $arrLines = file("gb_unicode.txt");
 foreach ($arrLines as $strLine) {
   $arrCodeTable[hexdec(substr($strLine, 0, 6))] = hexdec(substr($strLine, 7, 6));
 }
 $strRet = "";
 $intLen = strlen($strGB);
 for ($i = 0; $i    if (ord($strGB{$i}) > 127) {
       $strCurr = substr($strGB, $i, 2);
       $intGB = hexdec(bin2hex($strCurr)) - 0x8080;
       if ($arrCodeTable[$intGB]) $strRet .= u2utf8($arrCodeTable[$intGB]);
       else $strRet .= "??";
       $i++;
   } else {
       $strRet .= $strGB{$i};
   }
 }
 return $strRet;
}
function EncodeIp($strDotquadIp) {
 $arrIpSep = explode(., $strDotquadIp);
 if (count($arrIpSep) != 4) return 0;
 $intIp = 0;  
 foreach ($arrIpSep as $k => $v) $intIp += (int)$v * pow(256, 3 - $k);
 return $intIp;
 //return sprintf(\%02x%02x%02x%02x, $arrIpSep[0], $arrIpSep[1], $arrIpSep[2], $arrIpSep[3]);
}
function GetMicroTime() {
 list($msec, $sec) = explode(" ", microtime());
 return ((double)$msec + (double)$sec);
}
for ($i = 0; $i  $strIp = mt_rand(0, 255).".".mt_rand(0, 255).".".mt_rand(0, 255).".".mt_rand(0, 255);
 $arrAddr[$i] = ip2addr(EncodeIp($strIp));
}
$resConn = mysql_connect("localhost", "netnest", "netnest");
mysql_select_db("test");
// 测评MySQL查询的编码转换
$dblTimeStart = GetMicroTime();
for ($i = 0; $i  $strUTF8Region = GB2UTF8_SQL($arrAddr[$i]["region"]);
 $strUTF8Address = GB2UTF8_SQL($arrAddr[$i]["address"]);
}
$dblTimeDuration = GetMicroTime() - $dblTimeStart;
// 测评结束并输出结果
echo $dblTimeDuration; echo " ";
// 测评文本文件查询的编码转换
$dblTimeStart = GetMicroTime();
for ($i = 0; $i  $strUTF8Region = GB2UTF8_FILE($arrAddr[$i]["region"]);
 $strUTF8Address = GB2UTF8_FILE($arrAddr[$i]["address"]);
}
$dblTimeDuration = GetMicroTime() - $dblTimeStart;
// 测评结束并输出结果
echo $dblTimeDuration; echo " ";
?>


测评两次结果(精确到3位小数,单位是秒):

MySQL查询转换:0.112
文本查询转换:10.590

MySQL查询转换:0.099
文本查询转换:10.623

可见这次是MySQL方法遥遥领先于文件查询法。但是现在还不急于使用MySQL方法,因为文本文件方法之所以如此耗时,主要因为它每次转换都要把整个gb_unicode.txt读入内存,而gb_unicode.txt又是文本文件,格式如下:

0x2121   0x3000   # IDEOGRAPHIC SPACE
0x2122   0x3001   # IDEOGRAPHIC COMMA
0x2123   0x3002   # IDEOGRAPHIC FULL STOP
0x2124   0x30FB   # KATAKANA MIDDLE DOT
0x2125   0x02C9   # MODIFIER LETTER MACRON (Mandarin Chinese first tone)
……
0x552A   0x6458   #
0x552B   0x658B   #
0x552C   0x5B85   #
0x552D   0x7A84   #
……
0x777B   0x9F37   #
0x777C   0x9F3D   #
0x777D   0x9F3E   #
0x777E   0x9F44   #


文本文件效率较低,于是考虑把文本文件转换为二进制文件,然后用折半法查找这个文件,而不需要把整个文件读入内存。文件格式为:文件头2字节,存储记录数;接着一条接一条记录存入文件,每条记录4字节,前2字节对应GB代码,后2字节对应Unicode代码。转换程序如下:

$arrLines = file("gb_unicode.txt");
foreach ($arrLines as $strLine) {
 $arrCodeTable[hexdec(substr($strLine, 0, 6))] = hexdec(substr($strLine, 7, 6));
}
ksort($arrCodeTable);
$intCount = count($arrCodeTable);
$strCount = chr($intCount % 256) . chr(floor($intCount / 256));
$fileGBU = fopen("gbu.dat", "wb");
fwrite($fileGBU, $strCount);
foreach ($arrCodeTable as $k => $v) {
 $strData = chr($k % 256) . chr(floor($k / 256)) . chr($v % 256) . chr(floor($v / 256));
 fwrite($fileGBU, $strData);
}
fclose($fileGBU);
?>

执行程序后就获得了二进制的GB->Unicode对照表gbu.dat,并且数据记录按GB代码排了序,便于折半法查找。使用gbu.dat进行转码的函数如下:

function GB2UTF8_FILE1($strGB) {
 if (!trim($strGB)) return $strGB;
 $fileGBU = fopen("gbu.dat", "rb");
 $strBuf = fread($fileGBU, 2);
 $intCount = ord($strBuf{0}) + 256 * ord($strBuf{1});
 $strRet = "";
 $intLen = strlen($strGB);
 for ($i = 0; $i    if (ord($strGB{$i}) > 127) {
       $strCurr = substr($strGB, $i, 2);
       $intGB = hexdec(bin2hex($strCurr)) - 0x8080;
       $intStart = 1;
       $intEnd = $intCount;
       while ($intStart          $intMid = floor(($intStart + $intEnd
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1663
14
PHP Tutorial
1266
29
C# Tutorial
1239
24
How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages PHP and Python: Comparing Two Popular Programming Languages Apr 14, 2025 am 12:13 AM

PHP and Python each have their own advantages, and choose according to project requirements. 1.PHP is suitable for web development, especially for rapid development and maintenance of websites. 2. Python is suitable for data science, machine learning and artificial intelligence, with concise syntax and suitable for beginners.

PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications PHP in Action: Real-World Examples and Applications Apr 14, 2025 am 12:19 AM

PHP is widely used in e-commerce, content management systems and API development. 1) E-commerce: used for shopping cart function and payment processing. 2) Content management system: used for dynamic content generation and user management. 3) API development: used for RESTful API development and API security. Through performance optimization and best practices, the efficiency and maintainability of PHP applications are improved.

PHP: A Key Language for Web Development PHP: A Key Language for Web Development Apr 13, 2025 am 12:08 AM

PHP is a scripting language widely used on the server side, especially suitable for web development. 1.PHP can embed HTML, process HTTP requests and responses, and supports a variety of databases. 2.PHP is used to generate dynamic web content, process form data, access databases, etc., with strong community support and open source resources. 3. PHP is an interpreted language, and the execution process includes lexical analysis, grammatical analysis, compilation and execution. 4.PHP can be combined with MySQL for advanced applications such as user registration systems. 5. When debugging PHP, you can use functions such as error_reporting() and var_dump(). 6. Optimize PHP code to use caching mechanisms, optimize database queries and use built-in functions. 7

See all articles