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PHP变量类型请问

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:26 AM
double float language php

PHP变量类型请教
1、请问浮点数最大值是多少?,double与float是不是一样?
2、如何知道数值已经溢出?
3、当两个是数字的字符串用==对比时,是不是已经是认为是两个数字在对比了?

------解决方案--------------------
1. 范围
float和double的范围是由指数的位数来决定的。
float的指数位有8位,而double的指数位有11位,分布如下:
float:
1bit(符号位) 8bits(指数位) 23bits(尾数位)
double:
1bit(符号位) 11bits(指数位) 52bits(尾数位)
于是,float的指数范围为-127~+128,而double的指数范围为-1023~+1024,并且指数位是按补码的形式来划分的。
其中负指数决定了浮点数所能表达的绝对值最小的非零数;而正指数决定了浮点数所能表达的绝对值最大的数,也即决定了浮点数的取值范围。
float的范围为-2^128 ~ +2^128,也即-3.40E+38 ~ +3.40E+38;double的范围为-2^1024 ~ +2^1024,也即-1.79E+308 ~ +1.79E+308。
 
2. 精度
float和double的精度是由尾数的位数来决定的。浮点数在内存中是按科学计数法来存储的,其整数部分始终是一个隐含着的“1”,由于它是不变的,故不能对精度造成影响。
float:2^23 = 8388608,一共七位,这意味着最多能有7位有效数字,但绝对能保证的为6位,也即float的精度为6~7位有效数字;
double:2^52 = 4503599627370496,一共16位,同理,double的精度为15~16位。

------解决方案--------------------
手册上这两页(含注释)回答了你所有问题:
http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.types.float.php
http://www.php.net/manual/en/language.operators.comparison.php

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