How to use custom post types in WordPress 3.0

Since version 2.9, WordPress has introduced the ability to use custom post types. Now, in version 3.0, you can choose to create a panel for your custom post type, taking things a step further. In this tutorial, we will show you how to implement custom post types in your site into your WordPress site.

Create a custom post type – use plugins

Starting with version 3.0, WordPress does not have any built-in UI (user interface) to create custom post types. We can only use two options to create custom post types: plugins or hardcode them into the theme's functions.php file. First, let's see how to use plugins to create custom post types.

Custom post type UI

Custom Post Type UI is a plugin developed by Brad Williams from WebDevStudios, which allows you to easily create custom post types and taxonomy. One of the coolest features of this plugin is that it generates a code to create a custom post type so you can paste it into the functions.php file of the theme. One of the quirks of this plugin is the inability to share taxonomy among all post_types.

Click Add New Content from the Custom Post Type UI panel.

Next, you will see several options that need to be filled in. "Post Type Name" is the name of all posts used by WordPress to query such post_type. Tags will appear on the sidebar of the dashboard, just like the regular Publish menu. If you expand View Advanced Options, you will see more options that can be configured. Most are self-explanatory, such as "public" and "display UI". The first one is set to true to allow the display of the custom post type menu on the sidebar, and the other is set to true to generate the menu panel.

"Rewrite" allows custom post types to use SEO-friendly WordPress URLs (permanent links). "Custom Rewrite Slug" can be set to whatever you like. WordPress will use this slug to generate a permalink. So if we have a custom rewrite segment of example.com with "movies", your custom post type permalink will look like example.com/movies

WordPress's "Query Var" feature allows you to query posts for custom post types. So, if we use the example given earlier, to access a post titled My First Movie Post (written under Movies post_type), we can enter example.com/?movies=my-first-movie-post . So the query variable looks like this: ?posttypename

Finally, you can choose different features that custom post types support, such as thumbnails/featured images and excerpts.

Create a custom post type – use the Functions.php file

If you prefer to use custom post types without plugins, just add the following code to the theme's functions.php file:

 // Creates Movies post typeregister_post_type('movies', array('label'=> 'Movies','public'=> true,'show_ui'=> true,'capability_type'=> 'post','hierarchical'=> false,'rewrite'=> array('slug'=> 'movies'),'query_var'=> true,'supports'=> array('title','editor','excerpt','trackbacks','custom-fields','comments','revisions','thumbnail','author','page-attributes',)) );

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Let's analyze the code.

register_post_type( $post_type, $args): This function accepts two parameters, $post_type or the name of the post type, and $args, parameter array.

Tag: The plural name specified for the post type displayed in the admin panel sidebar.

Public: True/False. Allows the management UI to populate such posts.

show_ui : True/False. Show or hide the default UI that manages this post type.

ability_type: Default: post The post type used to check the read, edit, and delete functions.

Layered: Whether the post type is layered.

Rewrite: True/False. Default: true If you enter the slug parameter, the slug name will be added to the front of the post.

query_var: true/false Set the post type name to the query variable.

Support: Default: Different support features allowed by title and author settings post type.

Visit WordPress Codex to learn more about register_post_type() .

Show custom post types

To display posts with custom post types, add the following code in the loop. Replace "name" with the name of your post type. Note: You do not have to add a custom post type in the index.php file. You can create a custom WordPress page and run the following query in Loop.

 $query= newWP_Query( 'post_type=name');

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To display posts of multiple post types, change the above code to the following. Change the movie with your custom post type name.

 $query= newWP_Query( array( 'post_type'=> array( 'post', 'movies')) );

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The above code will show all posts for the regular post type (post) and custom post type (movie).

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