How to manage CentOS HDFS storage

Managing HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) storage on CentOS involves many aspects, including installation, configuration, monitoring, permission management, etc. Here are some key steps and strategies:

HDFS installation and configuration

1. Install Hadoop : First, you need to install Hadoop on CentOS. You can refer to official documents or third-party tutorials to download and install the appropriate version.
2. Configure Hadoop environment variables : Edit /etc/profile file, add Hadoop-related environment variables, such as HADOOP_HOME, HADOOP_CONF_DIR, etc., and execute source /etc/profile to make it take effect.
3. Modify configuration files : Configure configuration files such as core-site.xml and hdfs-site.xml, and set the default file system address of HDFS, the address of NameNode, the data block size, the number of copies and other parameters.

HDFS cluster management

1. Start HDFS cluster : execute the start-dfs.sh script on NameNode to start the HDFS cluster, and execute the corresponding command on DataNode to start DataNode.
2. Stop HDFS cluster : Execute the stop-dfs.sh script on NameNode to stop the HDFS cluster.
3. Monitor HDFS status : You can use the hdfs dfsadmin -report command to view the status information of the cluster, including the number of DataNodes, disk usage, etc.

HDFS permission management

1. Permission settings : HDFS uses a Linux-like permission model, and can set permissions for files and directories through the hdfs dfs -chmod and hdfs dfs -chown commands.
2. ACL (Access Control List) : HDFS supports more granular permission control, and ACL can be set and viewed through the hdfs dfs -setfacl and hdfs dfs -getfacl commands.

HDFS storage optimization

1. Resize Blocks : Choose the right block size according to the workload, usually 128MB or 256MB can improve performance.
2. Increase number of replicas : Increase data reliability, but increases storage costs.
3. Avoid small files : Small files will cause NameNode to increase load and affect performance.
4. Use compression technology : such as ZSTD compression, reduce storage space and improve transmission efficiency.

HDFS data backup and recovery

1. Data backup : You can use HDFS's snapshot function or manually copy data to other nodes for backup.
2. Data recovery : When data is lost or corrupted, data recovery can be performed through snapshots, edit logs, or backup files.

HDFS cluster expansion and shrinkage

1. Capacity expansion : When the cluster is insufficient, a new DataNode node can be added and HDFS can be reconfigured to include new nodes.
2. Shrink : When cluster requirements decrease, the DataNode node can be removed and the HDFS configuration can be adjusted accordingly.

Through the above steps and strategies, HDFS storage can be effectively managed on CentOS, ensuring data security, reliability and high performance.

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