How to ensure the integrity of Debian Node.js logs

Maintaining log integrity of your Debian Node.js application is critical, which helps monitor server status, troubleshoot issues, and optimize performance. The following steps and suggestions can effectively ensure log integrity:

Selection of log library

Choosing the right log library is the first step. The following lists some commonly used options, each with its advantages and disadvantages:

• Winston: It is popular, supports multiple output methods, flexible configuration, and easy to set log storage location.
• Pino: is known for its speed and is suitable for applications with extremely high performance requirements.
• Bunyan: Comprehensive functions, default output JSON format logs, and provides command line tools for easy viewing.
• Roarr: Compatible with Node.js and browser environments, with a wide range of applications.
• Log4js: No runtime dependencies required, suitable for full-stack projects.

Correct use of log level

Reasonable use of log levels can effectively distinguish information of different levels of importance:

• Fatal: The system crashes and cannot be recovered.
• Error: System error, causing a specific operation to fail, but the system as a whole is not affected.
• Warn: Potential problem or exception, not an error.
• Info: User action or application specific events.
• Debug: Debug information, used to troubleshoot problems.
• Trace: Detailed application behavior record, used in the development stage.

Log format and storage

• Format: Maintains the consistency of the log format and contains necessary information, such as timestamps, log levels, process IDs, tags, and message content.
• Storage: Select the appropriate storage medium (such as file system, database) and ensure the integrity of the log files.

Monitoring and Alarm

• Monitoring: Use log monitoring tools such as Grafana Loki to monitor and analyze logs in real time.
• Alarm: Set alarm rules to receive notifications in a timely manner when errors or warning level logs occur.

Regular review and cleaning

• Audit: Check log files regularly to ensure there are no exceptions or unlogged events.
• Cleanup: Establish log rotation and cleaning strategies to prevent individual log files from being too large.

Backup and Restore

• Backup: Back up log files regularly to prevent data loss.
• Recovery: Test the log recovery process to ensure successful recovery if necessary.

Following the above best practices can effectively ensure the integrity of Debian Node.js application logs and improve the reliability and maintainability of the application.

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