How to use Golang with MySQL

This tutorial guides you through connecting your Golang projects to MySQL databases using the go-sql-driver/mysql driver. We'll cover driver installation, database connection, and basic database operations with practical examples.

Prerequisites: Ensure MySQL is installed and running. Verify this by executing mysql --version in your terminal. The output should display your MySQL version.

Installing the Go MySQL Driver:

Install the necessary driver using:

go get -u github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql

While other drivers exist, this is a popular and well-maintained choice. Refer to its GitHub page for detailed information.

Project Setup:

Create your Golang project directory. If not working within your Go installation directory, use these commands to initialize a Go module:

go mod init test-sql go mod tidy

This generates go.mod and go.sum files, essential for managing dependencies.

Connecting to MySQL:

Create a main.go file and add the following code:

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "fmt"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

func main() {
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:<your_mysql_password>@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/test")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    defer db.Close()
    fmt.Println("Successfully connected to MySQL!")
}</your_mysql_password>

Remember to replace <your_mysql_password></your_mysql_password> with your actual MySQL database password. We recommend using a password manager for secure storage.

Use a code editor (like CodeRunner) to write and run this code. After saving, navigate to the project directory in your terminal and run:

go run main.go

A "Successfully connected to MySQL!" message confirms a successful connection.

Creating a MySQL Database:

For this tutorial, we'll use a database management tool like TablePlus to create a database (e.g., "123begin") and a table (e.g., "testtable2"). Adapt the following examples to your specific database and table names.

Database Operations:

Inserting Data:

This code inserts data into your table:

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "fmt"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

func main() {
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:<your_mysql_password>@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/123begin")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    defer db.Close()
    insert, err := db.Query("INSERT INTO testtable2 VALUES('23')")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    defer insert.Close()
    fmt.Println("Data inserted successfully!")
}</your_mysql_password>

Run go run main.go to execute the insertion.

Querying Data:

This code retrieves data from your table:

package main

import (
    "database/sql"
    "fmt"
    _ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

type Testtable2 struct {
    id int `json:"id"`
}

func main() {
    db, err := sql.Open("mysql", "root:<your_mysql_password>@tcp(127.0.0.1:3306)/123begin")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    defer db.Close()
    results, err := db.Query("SELECT id FROM testtable2")
    if err != nil {
        panic(err.Error())
    }
    defer results.Close()
    for results.Next() {
        var testtable2 Testtable2
        err = results.Scan(&testtable2.id)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err.Error())
        }
        fmt.Println(testtable2.id)
    }
}</your_mysql_password>

Run go run main.go to execute the query. The output should show the inserted data.

Troubleshooting:

• Incorrect Directory: Ensure you're running go run main.go from the correct project directory. Use cd to navigate.
• Missing go.mod/go.sum: If these files are missing, re-run the go mod init and go mod tidy commands.
• MySQL Errors: Consult MySQL's official documentation for error resolution.

This enhanced tutorial provides a clearer, more concise, and step-by-step guide to connecting Golang to MySQL. Remember to replace placeholder values with your actual credentials and database information. Using tools like CodeRunner, TablePlus, SnippetsLab, and Secrets can streamline your workflow.

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