Why does accessing phpmyadmin with alias alias cause file download issues? How to solve it?

Troubleshooting and solving problems caused by Nginx alias configuration to download phpMyAdmin file

To enhance security, many users use Nginx's alias directive to configure alias for phpMyAdmin. However, incorrect configuration can cause problems with file downloads rather than normal page display when accessing phpMyAdmin. This article analyzes this problem and provides solutions.

Here is an example of an Nginx configuration that could cause problems:

 # Use the alias alias to access phpmyadmin
  location ^~ /mysql {
    alias /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/;
    index index.php;
  }

  # Process two location blocks of PHP files, but still causes file download location ~ /mysql/. \.php$ {
      if ($fastcgi_script_name ~ /mysql/(. \.php.*)$) {
          set $valid_fastcgi_script_name $1;
      }
      include fastcgi_params;
      fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/$valid_fastcgi_script_name;
  }

  location ~ \.php(.*)$ {
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^((?U). \.php)(/?. )$;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
        include fastcgi_params;
  }

In this configuration, use alias directive to map /mysql to /home/wwwroot/default/phpmyadmin/ directory. The problem is that alias directive points directly to the file system path, which can cause Nginx to incorrectly process file types, triggering browser download behavior. In addition, multiple location blocks that process PHP may also have conflicts.

Recommended solution: Use proxy_pass directive

proxy_pass directive is more suitable for handling requests to back-end services, avoiding the problem of directly accessing file system paths. It can forward the request to the running environment of phpMyAdmin. Assuming that phpMyAdmin is running on port 127.0.0.1:8080 , the modified Nginx configuration is as follows:

 location ^~ /mysql {
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
}

# If phpMyAdmin itself does not process PHP, you can remove or comment out the following PHP processing block # location ~ /mysql/. \.php$ { ... }
# location ~ \.php(.*)$ { ... }

This configuration forwards all requests starting with /mysql to 127.0.0.1:8080 , thus correctly accessing phpMyAdmin. Please adjust the port number according to your actual phpMyAdmin deployment. If phpMyAdmin itself has correctly configured PHP processing, it can remove or comment out the original PHP processing location block to avoid conflicts. This will provide a cleaner and safer configuration. Remember to make sure the phpMyAdmin service is running properly on the specified port.

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