How to Use PreparedStatements with Dynamic IN Clause Parameters in JDBC?

Using PreparedStatement with IN Clause Parameters

Question:

How can you populate a prepared statement in JDBC with a list of parameters in an IN clause? This is particularly important when the list of parameters may not be known beforehand.

Solution:

To dynamically construct an IN clause with multiple values, follow these steps:

1. Create a placeholder for each value in the IN clause, using a question mark (?):

var stmt = String.format("select * from test where field in (%s)",
                         values.stream()
                         .map(v -> "?")
                         .collect(Collectors.joining(", ")));

2. Prepare the statement using the constructed string:

PreparedStatement pstmt = connection.prepareStatement(stmt);

3. Set the values in the IN clause, one by one, starting from index 1:

int index = 1;
for (Object o : values) {
    pstmt.setObject(index++, o); // Replace with appropriate data type
}

This approach allows you to handle multiple or unknown parameters dynamically.

Alternative Solution Using StringBuilder:

List<String> values = ...;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

for (int i = 0; i < values.size(); i++) {
    builder.append("?,");
}

String placeHolders = builder.deleteCharAt(builder.length() - 1).toString();
String stmt = "select * from test where field in (" + placeHolders + ")";

Follow the same steps as above to prepare the statement and set the values.

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