How Can I Ensure My Java Program Writes Files in UTF-8 Encoding?

Writing UTF-8 Files in Java

In Java, the default output encoding for writing text files may not always be UTF-8. This can lead to compatibility issues when reading or processing the files. If you explicitly need to create a UTF-8 file, you can utilize the following approach:

Solution

Instead of using the FileWriter class for writing, employ FileOutputStream along with OutputStreamWriter. This enables you to specify the desired character encoding during construction. Use a try-with-resources statement to ensure proper resource handling:

try (OutputStreamWriter writer =
             new OutputStreamWriter(new FileOutputStream(PROPERTIES_FILE), StandardCharsets.UTF_8))
    // do stuff
}

Explanation

FileOutputStream is a low-level stream that handles the actual file writing. Wrapping it with OutputStreamWriter allows for character encoding conversion. By passing StandardCharsets.UTF_8 to the constructor, you specify that the output should be encoded using UTF-8.

Within the try-with-resources statement, you can perform your file writing operations. The try block guarantees that the resources (file streams) will be closed automatically upon completion or in case of an exception.

By utilizing this approach, you can effectively force the creation of a UTF-8 encoded file, regardless of the system's default settings.

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