Why is my C executable throwing a \'MSVCP140.dll missing\' error?

Missing MSVCP140.dll: A Problem for C Executables

When distributing a C executable, users may encounter the "MSVCP140.dll missing" error, hindering their ability to run the program. To resolve this issue, we need to understand the underlying cause and explore potential solutions.

The Role of Runtime DLLs

C programs rely on runtime DLLs (Dynamic Link Libraries) to execute. MSVCP140.dll is one such DLL required by the Microsoft Visual C 2015 Redistributable Package. When a C program is built, it is typically linked dynamically to the runtime DLLs, allowing it to share these resources with other programs.

Distributing Runtime DLLs

When distributing a C executable without redistributable packages, the recipient's computer may not have the necessary runtime DLLs installed. This can result in the "MSVCP140.dll missing" error.

Solution 1: Provide Redistributable Packages

One solution is to provide the Microsoft Visual C 2015 Redistributable Package to users. This ensures that they have the necessary runtime DLLs installed, eliminating the error.

Solution 2: Compile with Static Linking

Alternatively, you can compile your C program with static linking. This option instructs the compiler to embed the runtime code within the executable itself, making it independent of any external runtime DLLs.

Visual Studio Configuration

In Visual Studio, you can enable static linking by going to Project tab -> Properties -> Configuration Properties -> C/C -> Code Generation -> Runtime Library. For debug mode, select "/MTd"; for release mode, select "/MT."

Benefits of Static Linking

While static linking results in a larger executable, it offers several benefits:

• Eliminates the need for redistributable packages.
• Ensures the executable will run consistently on different systems.
• Protects against malware that exploits vulnerabilities in dynamic DLLs.

Conclusion

The "MSVCP140.dll missing" error can be resolved by distributing redistributable packages or compiling with static linking. Both solutions address the issue by providing the necessary runtime dependencies for C executables.

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