How to Vertically Align Divs with Dynamic Size in CSS?

CSS: Vertical Alignment of Divs with Dynamic Size

When working with div elements that contain dynamic content, such as images or flash, aligning them vertically can be a challenge. Traditional methods, such as setting fixed heights or using absolute positioning, may not be feasible in these situations.

Fortunately, CSS offers a solution that allows for vertical alignment without the need for known sizes. This solution is based on the combination of vertical-align: middle and line-height: 0.

HTML Structure

<code class="html"><span id="center">
    <span id="wrap">
        <img src="image.jpg" alt="" />
    </span>
</span></code>

CSS Rules

<code class="css">html, body {
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0;
}

#center {
    position: relative;
    top: 50%;
    margin-top: -1000px;
    height: 2000px;
    text-align: center;
    line-height: 2000px;
}

#wrap {
    line-height: 0;
}

#wrap img {
    vertical-align: middle;
}</code>

How it Works

• The #center element's line-height is set to a fixed value (e.g., 2000px) and text-align is set to center.
• The #wrap element has its line-height set to 0.
• The image's vertical-align is set to middle, which vertically aligns it within the line of its containing element.
• The margin of the #center element is negative half of the element's height, which visually positions the element in the middle of the viewport.

This technique works in most modern browsers, including IE8 , and without the need for browser hacks. It offers a clean and versatile solution for vertically aligning div elements with dynamic sizes.

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