How to Render Newlines Correctly in HTML Templates?
Overcoming the Escaping Issue in html/templates with Newlines
In HTML templates, newlines encoded as n are rendered as HTML entities (
) rather than actual line breaks. This occurs when the n characters are escaped by the template instead of accepted as part of trusted data.
Solution: Sanitization and Pre-Escaping
To resolve this issue, follow these steps:
- Sanitize the text: Use template.HTMLEscape() to remove any potentially harmful characters from the text file.
-
Substitute newlines: After sanitization, replace all occurrences of "n" with "
". - Use pre-escaped data: Pass the sanitized and substituted text to the template as template.HTML, which encapsulates safe HTML fragments.
Example Implementation:
The following code demonstrates the process:
<code class="go">package main
import (
"html/template"
"os"
"strings"
)
const page = `<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
</head>
<body>
<p>{{.}}</p>
</body>
</html>`
const text = `first line
<script>dangerous</script>
last line`
func main() {
t := template.Must(template.New("page").Parse(page))
safe := template.HTMLEscapeString(text)
safe = strings.Replace(safe, "\n", "<br>", -1)
t.Execute(os.Stdout, template.HTML(safe))
}</code>This code sanitizes the text, replaces newlines with
, and passes it to the template as pre-escaped data. The rendered result will correctly display line breaks as intended without escaping issues.
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