How to Select an Element Immediately Before Another Element in CSS?
Understanding the Difference Between div p and div ~ p
In CSS selectors, the plus ( ) and tilde (~) operators both select sibling elements of a specified element. However, their behaviors differ based on the element's position relative to its sibling.
div p (Adjacent Sibling Selector)
This selector matches all
elements that are immediately after a
div + p {
color: red;
}In this case, only the first paragraph that follows each
div ~ p (General Sibling Selector)
This selector matches all
elements that are preceded by a
div ~ p {
color: blue;
}In this case, all paragraphs that come after any
Clarifying the Question
The question asks for a selector that selects an element that is placed immediately before a given element. This cannot be achieved with the div p or div ~ p selectors.
Adjacent Sibling Selector for Preceding Elements
To select an element that is immediately before another element, you can use the adjacent sibling selector with the reversed order:
X Y
In this syntax, X is the preceding element and Y is the subject of the selector. For example:
p + ul {
color: green;
}This selector will apply green text to only the first unordered list after each paragraph.
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