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php中__get()和__set()用法介绍

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:15 AM
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想要对对象的属性进行一些设置,如果一个一个设置,会比较麻烦,这时可以使用对象的处理器函数__get()和__set(),不过使用这两个方法的前提,属性需要是protect或private的,如下例:

 代码如下 复制代码

 class Person
{
 private $__data = array();
 
 public function __get($property)
 {
  if (isset($this->__data[$property]))
  {
   return $this->__data[$property];
  }
  else
  {
   return false;
  }
 }
 
 public function __set($property, $value)
 {
  $this->__data[$property] = $value;
 }
}

__set()和__get()方法是针对protect或private属性的,这样可以做到在外界不能直接访问属性,而通过public定义的__set()和__get()方法却可以轻易访问它,同事这两个方法对属性的操作通用性也比较高,也可以限制对象的属性的合法性,只有属于$__data数组中的属性,才可以进行设置,可以防止外界直接对属性进行设置。但是使用__set()和__get()也有些不足之处。第一,这两个方法只会捕捉私有或受保护的属性,即是外界没有访问权限的属性,这样php会报一个致命错误;第二,这两个方法破坏了属性的继承性。如果父对象中有一个__set()方法,而在子类中又实现了自己的__get()方法,那么对象就不会正常的运行,因为父对象的__get()方法是永远调不到的,而且要想检测重写的属性是否存在也不能得到的,因为它不会调用__get()方法。见到有人通过实现__isset()和__unset()来解决上面的问题。代码如下:

 

 代码如下 复制代码
 public function __isset($property)
{
 if (isset($this->data[$property]))
 {
  return true;
 }
 else
 {
  return false;
 }
}
 
public function __unset($property)
{
 if (isset($this->data[$property]))
 {
  return unset($this->data[$property]);
 }
 else
 {
  return false;
 }
}

使用__isset()和__unset()则能保证属性是否真正存在,不过这两个方法只有在PHP5.1后才有效。

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