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PHP中操作MySQL需要注意的问题

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:06 AM
mysql php operate yes Notice of question need

  对于 MySQL ,第一件你必须牢记的是它的每一行命令都是用分号 (;) 作为结束的,但……没有完全绝对的事,在这儿也是一样,当一行 MySQL 被插入在 PHP 代码中时,最好把后面的分号省略掉.例如
mysql_query ("INSERT INTO tablename (first_name, last_name) VALUES ('$first_name', $last_name')");
 这是因为 PHP 也是以分号作为一行的结束的,额外的分号有时会让 PHP 的语法分析器搞不明白,所以还是省略掉的好。在这种情况下,虽然省略了分号,但是 PHP 在执行 MySQL 命令时会自动的帮你加上的。
 另外还有一个不要加分号的情况。当你想把要字段的竖者排列显示下来,而不是像通常的那样横着排列时,你可以用 G 来结束一行 SQL 语句,这时就用不上分号了,例如:
SELECT * FROM PENPALS WHERE USER_ID = 1G
2. TEXT、DATE、和 SET 数据类型
 MySQL 数据表的字段必须有定义一个数据类型。这有大约 25 种选择,大部分都是直接明了的,就不多费口舌了。但有几个有必要提一下。
 TEXT 不是一种数据类型,虽然可能有些书上是这么说的。它实际上应该是“ LONG VARCHAR ”或者“ MEDIUMTEXT ”。
 DATE 数据类型的格式是 YYYY-MM-DD ,比如: 1999-12-08 。你可以很容易的用 date 函数来得到这种格式的当前系统时间: date("Y-m-d")
 并且,在 DATA 数据类型之间可以作减法,得到相差的时间天数:
$age = ($current_date - $birthdate);
 集合 SET 是一个有用的数据类型,它和枚举 ENUM 有点相似,只不过是 SET 能够保存多个值而 ENUM 只能保存一个值而已。而且, SET 类型最多只能够有 64 个预定的值,而 ENUM 类型却能够处理最多 65,535 个预定义的值。而如果需要有大于 64 个值的集合,该怎么办呢?这时就需要定义多个集合来一起解决这个问题了。
3. 通配符
 SQL 的通配符有两种:“ * ”和“ % ”。分别用在不同的情况下。例如:如果你想看到数据库的所有内容,可以像这样来查询:
SELECT * FROM dbname WHERE USER_ID LIKE '%';
 这儿,两个通配符都被用上了。他们表示相同的意思 ?? 都是用来匹配任何的字符串,但是他们用在不同的上下文中。“ * ”用来匹配字段名,而“ % ”用来匹配字段值。另外一个不容易引起注意的地方是“ % ”通配符需要和 LIKE 关键字一起使用。

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