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变量的变量,PHP和你

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:03 AM
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在我最近做的一个项目中,我发现了一个新的概念,关于在PHP中使用变量的变量。在我的程序中,我需要在一个页面同时更新多个记录,在我经过相当长时间的痛苦思考之后,脑海中偶然地闪现出了变量的变量(variable variable)这一概念,所有的困惑就一扫而光了。

介绍

什么叫作变量的变量?根据PHP手册,变量的变量是指取得一个变量的值并把它作为另一个变量的变量名。这表述显得相当的直接,轻易和那些在一个句子中使用“变量”这个词弄混淆。给一个简单的例子,你定义一个变量 --- x 等于 this --- 然后定义一个变量的变量,意味着你把 x 的值作为新变量的名,在这个例子中,这个新变量的值是 is cake。用PHP来表示如下:


$x = "this";
$$x = "is cake";

?>

这个符号$$是在PHP中对变量的变量的表示方法。现在我们可以用两种不同的方式来引用这两个变量 $x 和 $$x 了。


echo "$x ${$x}";

?>


echo "$x $this";

?>

上面两段程序都将输出 this is cake。注重,在echo语句中$$x被写成${$x},这是让PHP知道你要输出的是变量的变量而不是一个$字符与$x变量。

你是不是仍很迷惑?哦,也许吧,你想要一些更深入更有用的例子?下一节,我将向你展示怎样用变量的变量在一个页面编辑多条记录的。

例子

假设你已有一个MySQL数据库,保存了对一些感爱好的站点的链接,库中有一个表submissions,字段如下:

SubmissionID
PostedBy
Link
Description
Approved

现在你想显示在表中所有的已创建但没有被认可的链接,这个编辑的页面应可以更正一些输入时的错误,并用适当的单选按钮来为每一个记录设置是否答应(Approved),然后一次把更新后的记录都提交到表中。

首先,当你从数据库出提取所有的记录并显示出来时,你必须为每一个记录设置一个唯一的名字,这将让我们在提交时可以循环地辩别出各个记录的值。代码如下:


//初始化变量的记数器

$index = 0;
$index_count = 0;

echo "

n";
echo "n";
echo "".
"n";


/*********
假定我们已从数据库中检索出记录到一个数组中 
$myrow = mysql_fetch_array().
下面的 do...while 循环根据名字为每一个$xstr变量分配了一个值并且连接了$index 的值到结尾,以0为开始。
这样,这个循环的第一次时,$SubmissionIDStr 的值就是 SubmissionID0 ,第二次就是 SubmissionID1 ,以此类推。
***********/

do {

$SubmissionIDStr = SubmissionID.$index;
$PostedByStr = PostedBy.$index;
$LinkStr = Link.$index;
$DescriptionStr = Description.$index;
$ApprovedStr = Aprroved.$index;


//这一段将在屏幕上显示值,以每行一条记录。
Posted By LinkDescription Approved
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