PHP $_SERVER变量使用方法详解
PHP $_SERVER包括的变量都为全局变量了可以叫超级全局变量,下面我来给大家整理了常用的PHP $_SERVER用法详细,希望对大家有所帮助。
我常用的$_SERVER[]变量
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']//浏览器语言
$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] //当前用户 IP 。
$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST'] //当前用户主机名
$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI'] //URL
$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT'] //端口。
$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME'] //服务器主机的名称。
$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']//正在执行脚本的文件名
$_SERVER['argv'] //传递给该脚本的参数。
$_SERVER['argc'] //传递给程序的命令行参数的个数。
$_SERVER['GATEWAY_INTERFACE']//CGI 规范的版本。
$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE'] //服务器标识的字串
$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL'] //请求页面时通信协议的名称和版本
$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']//访问页面时的请求方法
$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING'] //查询(query)的字符串。
$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] //当前运行脚本所在的文档根目录
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT'] //当前请求的 Accept: 头部的内容。
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET'] //当前请求的 Accept-Charset: 头部的内容。
$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] //当前请求的 Accept-Encoding: 头部的内容
$_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION'] //当前请求的 Connection: 头部的内容。例如:“Keep-Alive”。
$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'] //当前请求的 Host: 头部的内容。
$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] //链接到当前页面的前一页面的 URL 地址。
$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'] //当前请求的 User_Agent: 头部的内容。
$_SERVER['HTTPS']//如果通过https访问,则被设为一个非空的值(on),否则返回off
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME'] #当前执行脚本的绝对路径名。
$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN'] #管理员信息
$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT'] #服务器所使用的端口
$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE'] #包含服务器版本和虚拟主机名的字符串。
$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED'] #当前脚本所在文件系统(不是文档根目录)的基本路径。
$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME'] #包含当前脚本的路径。这在页面需要指向自己时非常有用。
$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER'] #当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的用户名。
$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW'] #当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的密码。
$_SERVER['AUTH_TYPE'] #当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是认证的类型
页面程序相关
•$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']:相对于网站根目录的路径及 PHP 程序名称,与 document root 相关。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER']:链接到当前页面的前一页面的 URL 地址。
•$_SERVER['SCRIPT_NAME']:相对于网站根目录的路径及 PHP 程序文件名称 。
•$_SERVER['REQUEST_URI']:访问此页面所需的 URI 。
•$_SERVER['SCRIPT_FILENAME']:当前运行 PHP 程序的绝对路径及文件名。
•$_SERVER['PATH_TRANSLATED']:当前 PHP 程序所在文件系统(不是文档根目录)的基本路径。
•$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']:查询(query)的字符串(URL 中第一个问号 ? 之后的内容但不包括 # 后面的内容)。
•$_SERVER['argv']:传递给当前 PHP 程序的参数。
•$_SERVER['argc']:命令行模式下,包含传递给程序的命令行参数的个数。
•$_SERVER['REQUEST_TIME']:请求开始时的时间戳,从 PHP 5.1.0 起有效。
•$_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']:访问页面时的请求方法,例如:“GET”、“HEAD”,“POST”或“PUT”。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT']:当前请求的 Accept: 头信息的内容。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_CHARSET']:当前请求的 Accept-Charset: 头信息的内容。例如:“iso-8859-1,*,utf-8”。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING']:当前请求的 Accept-Encoding: 头信息的内容。例如:“gzip”。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE']:当前请求的 Accept-Language: 头信息的内容。例如:“zh-cn”。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_CONNECTION']:当前请求的 Connection: 头信息的内容。例如:“Keep-Alive”。
•$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST']:当前请求的 Host: 头信息的内容。
•$_SERVER['HTTPS']:如果 PHP 程序是通过 HTTPS 协议被访问,则被设为一个非空的值。
•$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_DIGEST']:当作为 Apache 模块运行时,进行 HTTP Digest 认证的过程中,此变量被设置成客户端发送的“Authorization”HTTP 头内容(以便作进一步的认证操作)。
•$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_USER']:当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的用户名。
•$_SERVER['PHP_AUTH_PW']:当 PHP 运行在 Apache 或 IIS(PHP 5 是 ISAPI)模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是用户输入的密码。
•$_SERVER['AUTH_TYPE']:当 PHP 运行在 Apache 模块方式下,并且正在使用 HTTP 认证功能,这个变量便是认证的类型。
服务器端相关
•$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']:当前运行 PHP 程序所在的文档根目录,在服务器配置文件中定义。
•$_SERVER['GATEWAY_INTERFACE']:服务器使用的 CGI 规范的版本,例如:“CGI/1.1”。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_ADDR']:当前运行 PHP 程序所在的服务器的 IP 地址。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_NAME']:当前运行 PHP 程序所在的服务器的名称。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_ADMIN']:Apache 服务器配置文件中的 SERVER_ADMIN 参数。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_PORT']:服务器所使用的端口。如果使用 SSL 安全连接,则这个值为用户设置的 HTTP 端口。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_SIGNATURE']:包含服务器版本和虚拟主机名的字符串。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_SOFTWARE']:服务器标识的字串,在响应请求时的头信息中给出。
•$_SERVER['SERVER_PROTOCOL']:请求页面时通信协议的名称和版本,例如:“HTTP/1.0”。
其他杂项
•$_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']:当前请求的 User-Agent: 头信息的内容,该字符串表明了访问该页面的用户代理的信息。
•$_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']:正在浏览当前页面用户的 IP 地址。
•$_SERVER['REMOTE_HOST']:正在浏览当前页面用户的主机名。
•$_SERVER['REMOTE_PORT']:用户连接到服务器时所使用的端口。
注意,如果以命令行方式运行 PHP,上面列出的元素几乎没有有效的(或是没有任何实际意义的)。
例1
PHP获取当前url路径
1,$_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]
说明:查询(query)的字符串
2,$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"]
说明:访问此页面所需的URI
3,$_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"]
说明:包含当前脚本的路径
4,$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]
说明:当前正在执行脚本的文件名
实例:
1,http://www.bKjia.c0m/ (直接打开主页)
结果:
$_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"] = ""
$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"] = "/"
$_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"] = "/index.php"
$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"] = "/index.php"
2,http://www.bKjia.c0m/?p=222 (附带查询)
结果:
$_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"] = "p=222"
$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"] = "/?p=222"
$_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"] = "/index.php"
$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"] = "/index.php"
3,http://www.bKjia.c0m/index.php?p=222&q=biuuu
结果:
$_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"] = "p=222&q=biuuu"
$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"] = "/index.php?p=222&q=biuuu"
$_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"] = "/index.php"
$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"] = "/index.php"
$_SERVER["QUERY_STRING"]获取查询语句,实例中可知,获取的是?后面的值
$_SERVER["REQUEST_URI"] 获取http://www.bKjia.c0m后面的值,包括/
$_SERVER["SCRIPT_NAME"] 获取当前脚本的路径,如:index.php
$_SERVER["PHP_SELF"] 当前正在执行脚本的文件名
当前url:"http://".$_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'].$_SERVER['PHP_SELF']
总结一下,对于QUERY_STRING,REQUEST_URI,SCRIPT_NAME和PHP_SELF,深入了解将有利于我们在$_SERVER函数中正确调用这四个值。通过实例详解$_SERVER函数中QUERY_STRING,REQUEST_URI,SCRIPT_NAME和PHP_SELF掌握四个变量之间的区别。

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