PHP的serialize()串行化函数
serialize()和unserialize()在php手册上的解释是:
serialize — Generates a storable representation of a value,产生一个可存储的值的表示。
unserialize — Creates a PHP value from a stored representation,从已存储的表示中创建 PHP 的值。
serialize() 返回字符串,此字符串包含了表示 value 的字节流,可以存储于任何地方。这有利于存储或传递 PHP 的值,同时不丢失其类型和结构。
想要将已序列化的字符串变回 PHP 的值,可使用 unserialize() 。 serialize() 可处理除了 resource 之外的任何类型。甚至可以 serialize() 那些包含了指向其自身引用的数组。你正 serialize() 的数组/对象中的引用也将被存储。
当序列化对象时,PHP 将试图在序列动作之前调用该对象的成员函数 __sleep() 。这样就允许对象在被序列化之前做任何清除操作。类似的,当使用 unserialize() 恢复对象时, 将调用 __wakeup() 成员函数。
下面我们试一下这个函数的使用方法:
<?php //声明一个类 class dog { var $name; var $age; var $owner; function dog($in_name="unnamed", $in_age="0", $in_owner="unknown") { $this->name = $in_name; $this->age = $in_age; $this->owner = $in_owner; } function getage() { return ($this->age * 365); } function getowner() { return ($this->owner); } function getname() { return ($this->name); } } //实例化这个类 $ourfirstdog = new dog("Rover",12,"Lisa and Graham"); //用serialize函数将这个实例转化为一个序列化的字符串 $dogdisc = serialize($ourfirstdog); print $dogdisc; //$ourfirstdog 已经序列化为字符串 O:3:"dog":3:{s:4:"name";s:5:"Rover";s:3:"age";i:12;s:5:"owner";s:15:"Lisa and Graham";} print '<br />'; /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 在这里你可以将字符串 $dogdisc 存储到任何地方如 session,cookie,数据库,php文件 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ //我们在此注销这个类 unset($ourfirstdog); /* 还原操作 */ /* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 在这里将字符串 $dogdisc 从你存储的地方读出来如 session,cookie,数据库,php文件 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */ //我们在这里用 unserialize() 还原已经序列化的对象 $pet = unserialize($dogdisc); //此时的 $pet 已经是前面的 $ourfirstdog 对象了 //获得年龄和名字属性 $old = $pet->getage(); $name = $pet->getname(); //这个类此时无需实例化可以继续使用,而且属性和值都是保持在序列化之前的状态 print "Our first dog is called $name and is $old days old<br />"; print '<br />'; ?>
官方的一个程序例子:
<?php // $session_data 是包含了当前用户 session 信息的多维数组。 // 我们使用 serialize() 在请求结束之前将其存储到数据库中。 $conn = odbc_connect ( "webdb" , "php" , "chicken" ); $stmt = odbc_prepare ( $conn , "UPDATE sessions SET data = ? WHERE id = ?" ); $sqldata = array ( serialize ( $session_data ), $PHP_AUTH_USER ); if (! odbc_execute ( $stmt , & $sqldata )) { $stmt = odbc_prepare ( $conn , "INSERT INTO sessions (id, data) VALUES(?, ?)" ); if (! odbc_execute ( $stmt , & $sqldata )) { /* 出错 */ } } ?>

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