Table of Contents
Fruit.php
ClassFactory.php
config.json
test.php
Home php教程 php手册 PHP简单的IoC控制反转实现

PHP简单的IoC控制反转实现

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:39 AM
php Inversion of control

我们讨论了关于IoC控制反转的设计原则,现在我们用PHP来实现IoC设计原则,加深对这个概念的理解。

首先编写 Fruit 的 POJO 和 Fruit 接口。继承 Fruit 接口生成两个类 Apple 和 Banana,这两个类都实现了接口的 showColor() 方法。

Fruit.php

<?php
	
/**
 * @author Gonn, http://www.bkjia.com/
 */
interface Fruit {
    public function showColor();
}
class Apple implements Fruit {
	private $color;
    function getColor(){
        return $this->color;
    }
    function setColor($value){
        $this->color=$value;
    }
    
    function showColor(){
        echo "Apple Color:" . $this->color;
    }
}
class Banana implements Fruit {
    private  $color;
    function getColor(){
        return $this->color;
    }
    function setColor($value){
        $this->color=$value;
    }
    function showColor(){
        echo "Banana Color:" . $this->color;
    }
}
?>
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ClassFactory.php

类工厂实现了一些简单功能,能够解析指定的配置文件,并根据配置文件生成类,同时设置指定的属性值:

<?php
	
/**
 * @author Gonn, http://www.bkjia.com/
 */
class ClassFactory {
    private $arr_conf;
    function ClassFactory($config_file){
        //读取配置文件内容
        $handle = fopen($config_file, r);
        $content = fread($handle, filesize($config_file));
        fclose($handle);
        //去除注释
        $content=preg_replace("<\/\/.*?\s>","",$content);
        //转成数组
        $this->arr_conf=json_decode($content,true);
    }
     function getBean($class_id){
        //查找匹配 $class_id 的类
        while(true){
            //挨个测试
            $conf=each($this->arr_conf);
            //找不到,返回 null
            if($conf==false) return null;
            if(strcmp($class_id,$conf["value"]["id"])===0){
                //如果匹配则装入类文件
                include_once($conf["value"]["class_file"]);
                //生成类的实例
                //print_r($conf["value"]["class_name"]);
                $obj=new $conf["value"]["class_name"]();
                //查找被设置的属性
                $arr_prop=$conf["value"]["properties"];
                while($prop=each($arr_prop)){
                    //生成属性的设置方法 setXXX ,第一个字母大写
                    $set_method="set". ucwords($prop["value"]["name"]);
                    //调用设置方法,并设置预设值
                    $obj->$set_method($prop["value"]["value"]);
                }
                //找到第一个,返回实例
                return $obj;
            }
        }
    }
}
?>
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config.json

//备注使用双反斜杆
[
    {
        //类ID,方便工厂查找
        "id": "Apple",
        //类名
        "class_name":"Apple",
        //类文件
        "class_file":"Fruit.php",
        //属性设置
        "properties":[
            {
                "name":"color",
                "value":"Red"
            }
        ]
    },
    {
        "id": "Banana",
        "class_name":"Banana",
        "class_file":"Fruit.php",
        "properties":[
            {
                "name":"color",
                "value":"Yellow"
            }
        ]
    }
]
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test.php

为类工厂指定上述配置文件。我们可以看见,对配置文件里的不同ID,返回了不同的类实例。调用每个实例的方法,分别输出了Red和Yellow。可见,我们只需要改变配置文件的内容,就可以返回不同的类实例,而不需修改程序源代码。这就实现了简单的 IOC 或者 DI。

<?php
include_once("ClassFactory.php");
$factory = new ClassFactory("config.json");
$fruit = $factory->getBean("Apple");
echo $fruit->showColor() .'<br />';
$fruit = $factory->getBean("Banana");
echo $fruit->showColor() .'<br />';
?>
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PHP是动态语言,利用一些语言特性,实现起来很简单,也没用到反射之类的概念。

程序运行结果

Apple Color:Red
Banana Color:Yellow
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