Data URI scheme
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Data URI scheme is a URI scheme（统一资源定位符的模式）。
我们熟知的站点引用资源文件，都是类似http://www.chenwei.ws/demo.png这种的格式，但是data URI scheme 提供将外部资源嵌入到网页中的方法。
它是一种文件或文档的形式，这项技术允许普通的元素诸如要取的图片，样式表放在单一的http请求中，替代很多http请求。（相当于变成网页的一部分了）
------------------------------@author chenwei
用法=>
HTML:
<span><</span><span>img </span><span>src</span><span>="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0Rw0KGgoAA......"</span><span>></span>
CSS:
<span>div </span>{<span>background</span>:<span> red url('data:image/png</span>;<span>base64,iVBORw0Rw0KGgoAA......') no-repeat scroll left top;</span>}JavaScript:(IE8不支持)
<script><span> window.open(</span>'data:text/html;charset=utf-8,' +<span> encodeURIComponent( </span>'<!doctype html>' + 'html lang='en'<span> + </span>'<head><title>Embedded Window</title></head>'<span> + </span>'<body><h2 id="">42</h2></body>'<span> + </span>'</html>' <span> ); </span></script>
data 表示数据名称，image/png 是数据类型名称; base64 是数据编码方法，后面是base64编码后的数据。
Data URI scheme支持的类型有：
data:,文本数据
data:text/plain,文本数据
data:text/html,HTML代码
data:text/html;base64,base64编码的HTML代码
data:text/css,CSS代码
data:text/css;base64,base64编码的CSS代码
data:text/javascript,Javascript代码
data:text/javascript;base64,base64编码的Javascript代码
data:image/gif;base64,base64编码的gif图片数据
data:image/png;base64,base64编码的png图片数据
data:image/jpeg;base64,base64编码的jpeg图片数据
data:image/x-icon;base64,base64编码的icon图片数据
注：PHP中可以用函数base64_encode()进行编码，base64_encode(file_get_contents('demo.png'));
复制下面数据到浏览器中，看看是什么吧。
data:text/plain;base64,d3d3LmNoZW53ZWkud3M=
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参考Wiki: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data:_URL
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