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php经典算法集锦,php算法集锦
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php经典算法集锦,php算法集锦

Jun 13, 2016 am 08:51 AM
php algorithm recursive algorithm

php经典算法集锦,php算法集锦

本文实例讲述了php几个经典算法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

有5个人偷了一堆苹果,准备在第二天分赃。晚上,有一人遛出来,把所有菜果分成5份,但是多了一个,顺手把这个扔给树上的猴了,自己先拿1/5藏了。没想到其他四人也都是这么想的,都如第一个人一样分成5份把多的那一个扔给了猴,偷走了1/5。第二天,大家分赃,也是分成5份多一个扔给猴了。最后一人分了一份。问:共有多少苹果?

for ($i = 1; ; $i++)
{
  if ($i%5 == 1) {
    //第一个人取五分之一,还剩$t
    $t = $i - round($i/5) - 1;
    if($t % 5 == 1)
    {
      //第二个人取五分之一,还剩$r
      $r = $t - round($t/5) - 1;
      if($r % 5 == 1)
      {
        //第三个人取五分之一,还剩$s
        $s = $r - round($r/5) - 1;
        if($s % 5 == 1)
        {
          //第四个人取五分之一,还剩$x
          $x = $s - round($s/5) - 1;
          if($x % 5 == 1)
          {
            //第五个人取五分之一,还剩$y
            $y = $x - round($x/5) - 1;
            if ($y % 5 == 1) {
              echo $i;
              break;
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

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一群猴子排成一圈,按1,2,…,n依次编号。然后从第1只开始数,数到第m只,把它踢出圈,从它后面再开始数,再数到第m只,在把它踢出去…,如此不停的进行下去,直到最后只剩下一只猴子为止,那只猴子就叫做大王。要求编程模拟此过程,输入m、n, 输出最后那个大王的编号。

function king($n, $m){
  $monkeys = range(1, $n);
  $i=0;
  $k=$n;
  while (count($monkeys)>1) {
    if(($i+1)%$m==0) {
      unset($monkeys[$i]);
    } else {
      array_push($monkeys,$monkeys[$i]);
      unset($monkeys[$i]);
    }
    $i++;
  }
  return current($monkeys);
}
$a = king(5, 2);
var_dump($a);

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汉诺塔(又称河内塔)问题是印度的一个古老的传说。开天辟地的神勃拉玛在一个庙里留下了三根金刚石的棒,第一根上面套着64个圆的金片,最大的一个在底下,其余一个比一个小,依次叠上去,庙里的众僧不倦地把它们一个个地从这根棒搬到另一根棒上,规定可利用中间的一根棒作为帮助,但每次只能搬一个,而且大的不能放在小的上面。解答结果请自己运行计算,程序见尾部。面对庞大的数字(移动圆片的次数)18446744073709551615,看来,众僧们耗尽毕生精力也不可能完成金片的移动。

后来,这个传说就演变为汉诺塔游戏:

1.有三根杆子A,B,C。A杆上有若干碟子
2.每次移动一块碟子,小的只能叠在大的上面
3.把所有碟子从A杆全部移到C杆上

经过研究发现,汉诺塔的破解很简单,就是按照移动规则向一个方向移动金片:
如3阶汉诺塔的移动:A→C,A→B,C→B,A→C,B→A,B→C,A→C

此外,汉诺塔问题也是程序设计中的经典递归问题。

function hanoi($n,$x,$y,$z){
  if($n==1){
    echo 'move disk 1 from '.$x.' to '.$z."\n";
  }else{
    hanoi($n-1,$x,$z,$y);
    echo 'move disk '.$n.' from '.$x.' to '.$z."\n";
    hanoi($n-1,$y,$x,$z);
  }   
}
hanoi(3,'A','B','C');

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使用PHP描述冒泡排序和快速排序算法,对象可以是一个数组

//对数组冒泡排序
function bubble_sort($array){
  $count = count($array);
  if ($count <= 0) 
    return false;
    for($i=0; $i<$count; $i++){
      for($j=$count-1; $j>$i; $j–){
      if ($array[$j] < $array[$j-1]){
        $tmp = $array[$j];
        $array[$j] = $array[$j-1];
        $array[$j-1] = $tmp;
    }
  }
}
return $array;
}
function quick_sort($array) {
  if (count($array) <= 1) return $array;
  $key = $array[0];
  $left_arr = array();
  $right_arr = array();
  for ($i=1; $i<count($array); $i++){
  if ($array[$i] <= $key)
    $left_arr[] = $array[$i];
  else
    $right_arr[] = $array[$i];
  }
  $left_arr = quick_sort($left_arr);
  $right_arr = quick_sort($right_arr);
  return array_merge($left_arr, array($key), $right_arr);
}

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使用PHP描述顺序查找和二分查找算法,顺序查找必须考虑效率,对象可以是一个有序数组

//使用二分查找数组中某个元素
function bin_sch($array, $low, $high, $k){
  if ($low <= $high){
    $mid = intval(($low+$high)/2);
    if ($array[$mid] == $k){
      return $mid;
    }elseif ($k < $array[$mid]){
    return bin_sch($array, $low, $mid-1, $k);
  }else{
    return bin_sch($array, $mid+1, $high, $k);
  }
  }
  return -1;
}
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写一个二维数组排序算法函数,可以调用php内置函数,能够具有通用性

function array_sort($arr, $keys, $order=0) {
  if (!is_array($arr)) {
    return false;
  }
  $keysvalue = array();
  foreach($arr as $key => $val) {
    $keysvalue[$key] = $val[$keys];
  }
  if($order == 0){
    asort($keysvalue);
  }else {
    arsort($keysvalue);
  }
  reset($keysvalue);
  foreach($keysvalue as $key => $vals) {
    $keysort[$key] = $key;
  }
  $new_array = array();
  foreach($keysort as $key => $val) {
    $new_array[$key] = $arr[$val];
  }
  return $new_array;
}
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希望本文所述对大家PHP程序设计有所帮助。

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