PHP邮箱验证示例教程，php邮箱示例
PHP邮箱验证示例教程，php邮箱示例
在用户注册中最常见的安全验证之一就是邮箱验证。根据行业的一般做法，进行邮箱验证是避免潜在的安全隐患一种非常重要的做法，现在就让我们来讨论一下这些最佳实践，来看看如何在PHP中创建一个邮箱验证。
让我们先从一个注册表单开始：
<form method="post" action="http://mydomain.com/registration/">
<fieldset class="form-group">
<label for="fname">First Name:</label>
<input type="text" name="fname" class="form-control" required />
</fieldset>
<fieldset class="form-group">
<label for="lname">Last Name:</label>
<input type="text" name="lname" class="form-control" required />
</fieldset>
<fieldset class="form-group">
<label for="email">Last name:</label>
<input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" required />
</fieldset>
<fieldset class="form-group">
<label for="password">Password:</label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" required />
</fieldset>
<fieldset class="form-group">
<label for="cpassword">Confirm Password:</label>
<input type="password" name="cpassword" class="form-control" required />
</fieldset>
<fieldset>
<button type="submit" class="btn">Register</button>
</fieldset>
</form>
接下来是数据库的表结构：
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` ( `id` INT(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `fname` VARCHAR(255) , `lname` VARCHAR(255) , `email` VARCHAR(50) , `password` VARCHAR(50) , `is_active` INT(1) DEFAULT '0', `verify_token` VARCHAR(255) , `created_at` TIMESTAMP, `updated_at` TIMESTAMP, );
一旦这个表单被提交了，我们就需要验证用户的输入并且创建一个新用户：
// Validation rules
$rules = array(
'fname' => 'required|max:255',
'lname' => 'required|max:255',
'email' => 'required',
'password' => 'required|min:6|max:20',
'cpassword' => 'same:password'
);
$validator = Validator::make(Input::all(), $rules);
// If input not valid, go back to registration page
if($validator->fails()) {
return Redirect::to('registration')->with('error', $validator->messages()->first())->withInput();
}
$user = new User();
$user->fname = Input::get('fname');
$user->lname = Input::get('lname');
$user->password = Input::get('password');
// You will generate the verification code here and save it to the database
// Save user to the database
if(!$user->save()) {
// If unable to write to database for any reason, show the error
return Redirect::to('registration')->with('error', 'Unable to write to database at this time. Please try again later.')->withInput();
}
// User is created and saved to database
// Verification e-mail will be sent here
// Go back to registration page and show the success message
return Redirect::to('registration')->with('success', 'You have successfully created an account. The verification link has been sent to e-mail address you have provided. Please click on that link to activate your account.');
注册之后，用户的账户仍然是无效的直到用户的邮箱被验证。此功能确认用户是输入电子邮件地址的所有者，并有助于防止垃圾邮件以及未经授权的电子邮件使用和信息泄露。
整个流程是非常简单的——当一个新用户被创建时，在注册过过程中，一封包含验证链接的邮件便会被发送到用户填写的邮箱地址中。在用户点击邮箱验证链接和确认邮箱地址之前，用户是不能进行登录和使用网站应用的。
关于验证的链接有几件事情是需要注意的。验证的链接需要包含一个随机生成的token，这个token应该足够长并且只在一段时间段内是有效的，这样做的方法是为了防止网络攻击。同时，邮箱验证中也需要包含用户的唯一标识，这样就可以避免那些攻击多用户的潜在危险。
现在让我们来看看在实践中如何生成一个验证链接：
// We will generate a random 32 alphanumeric string // It is almost impossible to brute-force this key space $code = str_random(32); $user->confirmation_code = $code;
一旦这个验证被创建就把他存储到数据库中，发送给用户：
Mail::send('emails.email-confirmation', array('code' => $code, 'id' => $user->id), function($message)
{
$message->from('my@domain.com', 'Mydomain.com')->to($user->email, $user->fname . ' ' . $user->lname)->subject('Mydomain.com: E-mail confirmation');
});
邮箱验证的内容：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> </head> <body> <p style="margin:0"> Please confirm your e-mail address by clicking the following link: <a href="http://mydomain.com/verify?code=<?php echo $code; ?>&user=<?php echo $id; ?>"></a> </p> </body> </html>
现在让我们来验证一下它是否可行：
$user = User::where('id', '=', Input::get('user'))
->where('is_active', '=', 0)
->where('verify_token', '=', Input::get('code'))
->where('created_at', '>=', time() - (86400 * 2))
->first();
if($user) {
$user->verify_token = null;
$user->is_active = 1;
if(!$user->save()) {
// If unable to write to database for any reason, show the error
return Redirect::to('verify')->with('error', 'Unable to connect to database at this time. Please try again later.');
}
// Show the success message
return Redirect::to('verify')->with('success', 'You account is now active. Thank you.');
}
// Code not valid, show error message
return Redirect::to('verify')->with('error', 'Verification code not valid.');
结论：
上面展示的代码只是一个教程示例，并且没有通过足够的测试。在你的web应用中使用的时候请先测试一下。上面的代码是在Laravel框架中完成的，但是你可以很轻松的把它迁移到其他的PHP框架中。同时，验证链接的有效时间为48小时，之后就过期。引入一个工作队列就可以很好的及时处理那些已经过期的验证链接。
本文实PHPChina原创翻译，原文转载于http://www.phpchina.com/portal.php?mod=view&aid=39888，小编认为这篇文章很具有学习的价值，分享给大家，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
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