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python正则表达式中的括号匹配问题

Jun 10, 2016 pm 03:18 PM
python bracket matching regular expression

问题:

m = re.findall('[0-9]*4[0-9]*', '[4]')
可以匹配到4.
m = re.findall('([0-9])*4([0-9])*', '[4]')
匹配不到4.
这是为什么呢?PS,这个是一个简化的说明,我要用的正则比这个复杂,所以要用到(),表示一个序列的匹配。
补充一点,我放在notepad++中用的时候,两种写法都能匹配出来,不知道为什么python中就不行了。

答案:

python的正则中用()会进行匹配,所以返回结果是['',''],就是两个()中的匹配。要想达到原来的匹配效果,就是把4匹配出来,有两种解决方法:

1.最外层加个大括号,变成:m = re.findall('(([0-9])*4([0-9])*)', '[4]'),返回结果的第一个元素就是匹配结果了。
2.去除()的匹配结果返回,在括号前面加入?:,变成m = re.findall('(?:\d)*4(?:\d)*', '[4]'),返回结果就是要匹配的结果了。

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