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python私有属性和方法实例分析

Jun 10, 2016 pm 03:18 PM
python Attributes method private

本文实例分析了python的私有属性和方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下:

python默认的成员函数和成员变量都是公开的,并且没有类似别的语言的public,private等关键词来修饰。 在python中定义私有变量只需要在变量名或函数名前加上 "__"两个下划线,那么这个函数或变量就会为私有的了。 在内部,python使用一种 name mangling 技术,将 __membername替换成 _classname__membername,所以你在外部使用原来的私有成员的名字时,会提示找不到。 比如:

复制代码 代码如下:
class Person:

   def __init__(self):
       self.__name = 'haha'#私有属性
       self.age = 22

   def __get_name(self):##私有方法
       return self.__name

   def get_age(self):
       return self.age

person = Person()
print person.get_age()
print person.__get_name()


运行结果是:22 Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\pythoner\zenghe\jay.py", line 38, in print person.__get_name() AttributeError: Person instance has no attribute '__get_name'

我们这里定义的__name是私有属性,__get_name()是私有方法。如果直接访问的话,会提示找不到相关的属性或者方法,但是如果你真要访问私有的相关数据的话, 也是可以访问的,严格地说,私有方法在它们的类外是可以访问的,只是不容易 处理。在 Python 中没有什么是真正私有的;在内部,私有方法和属性的名字被忽然改变和恢复,以致于使得它们看上去用它们给定的名字是无法使用的

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。

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