将Emacs打造成强大的Python代码编辑工具
基本配置
Emacs本身提供了python-mode,输入M-x python-mode，就可以进入python模式。相应地，会在菜单栏出现Python菜单。当然，一般来讲，如果是.py文件打开的话，也会自动进入该模式。
不过，默认的python模式功能上面用起来还是有点弱，而且许多地方做的并不好，最好下载第三方的python模式。python-mode是一个开源项目，可以在https://launchpad.net/python-mode进行下载。
1.安装
1).安装prog-modes:
aptitude install prolog-el
2).下载python-mode.el文件在项目主页上面。
3).编译:
C-x C-f /path/to/python-mode.el RET
M-x byte-compile-file RET
4).在.emacs中加入python-mode.el路径:
(setq load-path (cons "/dir/of/python-mode/" load-path))
检测扩展是否加载路径，测试方法:M-x locate-library RET python-mode RET
2.配置.emacs文件
(setq auto-mode-alist
(cons '("//.py$" . python-mode) auto-mode-alist))
(setq interpreter-mode-alist
(cons '("python" . python-mode)
interpreter-mode-alist))
(autoload 'python-mode "python-mode" "Python editing mode." t)
;;; add these lines if you like color-based syntax highlighting
(global-font-lock-mode t)
(setq font-lock-maximum-decoration t)
(set-language-environment 'Chinese-GB)
(set-keyboard-coding-system 'euc-cn)
(set-clipboard-coding-system 'euc-cn)
(set-terminal-coding-system 'euc-cn)
(set-buffer-file-coding-system 'euc-cn)
(set-selection-coding-system 'euc-cn)
(modify-coding-system-alist 'process "*" 'euc-cn)
(setq default-process-coding-system
'(euc-cn . euc-cn))
(setq-default pathname-coding-system 'euc-cn)
3.操作
1).执行:C-c C-c，这样会在新的窗口及缓冲区执行脚本；
2).C-j:以相同的缩进插入新的一行；
3).C-M-a:跳至函数或类首；
4).C-M-e:跳至函数或类尾；
5).C-c C-w:运行PyChecker进行代码检测；
大体的使用方式就是这样的了，另外，还有许多类或函数的模板可以通过快捷键进行，在今后常用的时候会加强了解的。感谢你能看到这里!
安装扩展
在Emacs中，通过各种扩展，打造强大的Python IDE环境，包括Snippet工具，智能提示，自动补全，重构工具，调试以及GAE的调试，等等。以下各工具的安装前提是你对Emacs的配置文件有一定的了解，所有相关的el文件都必须放在load_path能够加载的地方。
1. YASnippet
snippet工具，可自定义一些模板，必不可少的好东西！看了下面这个很酷的演示动画就明白了：
http://yasnippet.googlecode.com/files/yasnippet.avi
安装方法：
(require 'yasnippet) (yas/initialize) (yas/load-directory "~/.emacs.d/plugins/yasnippet-0.6.1c/snippets")
2. AutoComplete
自动完成工具，会像VS里一样，弹出一个列表框让你去选择。
安装方法：
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/-->(require 'auto-complete) (require 'auto-complete-config) (global-auto-complete-mode t) (setq-default ac-sources '(ac-source-words-in-same-mode-buffers)) (add-hook 'emacs-lisp-mode-hook (lambda () (add-to-list 'ac-sources 'ac-source-symbols))) (add-hook 'auto-complete-mode-hook (lambda () (add-to-list 'ac-sources 'ac-source-filename))) (set-face-background 'ac-candidate-face "lightgray") (set-face-underline 'ac-candidate-face "darkgray") (set-face-background 'ac-selection-face "steelblue") ;;; 设置比上面截图中更好看的背景颜色 (define-key ac-completing-map "\M-n" 'ac-next) ;;; 列表中通过按M-n来向下移动 (define-key ac-completing-map "\M-p" 'ac-previous) (setq ac-auto-start 2) (setq ac-dwim t) (define-key ac-mode-map (kbd "M-TAB") 'auto-complete)
3. Rope and Ropemacs
非常棒的重构工具，比如rename,move,extract method等等。还有非常好用的goto difinition(跳到定义)，show documents(显示文档)等等。安装Ropemacs前，必须先安装rope和pymacs 。
rope的安装方法：
python setup.py install
pymacs的安装方法：
python setup.py install
.emacs中：
(autoload 'pymacs-apply "pymacs") (autoload 'pymacs-call "pymacs") (autoload 'pymacs-eval "pymacs" nil t) (autoload 'pymacs-exec "pymacs" nil t) (autoload 'pymacs-load "pymacs" nil t)
Ropmacs的安装方法：
python setup.py install
.emacs中：
(pymacs-load "ropemacs" "rope-") (setq ropemacs-enable-autoimport t)
4. pycomplete
一个更加强大的智能提示工具，比如，输入time.cl 然后按TAB键，会列出time模块所有cl开头的函数名。在调用函数时，还会在mini buffer中提示函数的参数类型。这个东西需要先安装pymacs。
安装方法：
1. 拷贝 python-mode.el and pycomplete.el 到Emacs的load_path中。
2. 拷贝 pycomplete.py 到PYTHONPATH (比如： c:/python25/Lib/site-packages)
3. .emacs中添加：
(require 'pycomplete)
(setq auto-mode-alist (cons '("\\.py$" . python-mode) auto-mode-alist))
(autoload 'python-mode "python-mode" "Python editing mode." t)
(setq interpreter-mode-alist(cons '("python" . python-mode)
interpreter-mode-alist))
5. pdb调试
在Emacs中，通过M-x pdb可调出pdb对python代码进行调试。但是发现在Windows系统中，总进入不了调试模式。主要原因有：
（1）. windows中，找不到pdb.py位置。需自己制定pdb的路径。可以通过下面的方法设置pdb的路径：
Code highlighting produced by Actipro CodeHighlighter (freeware)http://www.CodeHighlighter.com/-->;; pdb setup, note the python version
(setq pdb-path 'c:/python25/Lib/pdb.py
gud-pdb-command-name (symbol-name pdb-path))
(defadvice pdb (before gud-query-cmdline activate)
"Provide a better default command line when called interactively."
(interactive
(list (gud-query-cmdline pdb-path
(file-name-nondirectory buffer-file-name)))))
（2）. windows中，调用pdb时，未使用python -i 参数。
针对上面两个问题，我的解决办法是，不设置pdb具体路径，M-x pdb 回车后，出现下面命令:
Run pdb (like this): pdb
然后手动修改一下：
Run pdb (like this): python -i -m pdb test.py
这样就搞定了。
6. 如何调试GAE程序
GAE是一个Web应用，需要跨线程进行调试，而pdb本身对线程调试支持不好。使用pdb进行线程调试时，只有在需要调试的地方插入下面代码：
import pdb pdb.set_trace()
然后直接运行被调试代码，而不是通过python pdb来执行，就可以多线程代码进行调试了。
但是Google App Engine这样的Web应用，使用这个方法还是不能调试，和stdin和stdout有关，最后找到一个很好的解决方法：
def set_trace():
import pdb, sys
debugger = pdb.Pdb(stdin=sys.__stdin__,
stdout=sys.__stdout__)
debugger.set_trace(sys._getframe().f_back)
在任何需要调试的地方，调用上面的set_trace()函数。
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