php soap 调用webservice应用测试
SoapClient,php5自带的。当然,也可以使用nusoap.php这个纯php写的类,该类代码行数为7K多行,效率上肯定不如SoapClient。
一、寻找WebService来源
WebService可以自己编写,但是也可以从网络上去寻找现成的。我用的是www.xmethods.net里的US Zip Validator。它的WSDL文件位置在:http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL。 它的作用是根据输入的ZIP代码,返回该代码对应的美国地名,州名,经纬度等。
二、创建SoapClient
第二步就是创建SoapClient,并调用WebService中的方法,并获得返回值。PHP代码如下
二、创建SoapClient
第二步就是创建SoapClient,并调用WebService中的方法,并获得返回值。PHP代码如下:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
$objSoapClient = new SoapClient("http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL"); $param=array("ZipCode"=>$zip); |
SoapClient的创建有好多方法,我们用的是最标准的(也是最简单的)WSDL方法。由于查询ZIP的方法肯定需要一个参数,所以我们必须创建一个数组,用“参数名=>取值”的方式进行赋值。
也许读者会对这个数组的创建有一定的兴趣。比如,我们怎么知道“参数名”应该是“ZipCode”而不是别的什么呢?为什么没有更多的参数了,而只有一个?OK,这个问题我们稍后解释。因为这牵涉到WSDL的解读。
创建好参数后,同样的,我们调用SoapClient的方法ValidateZip,并传递参数进去;对于返回的结果,我们用$data变量取出我们真正感兴趣的东西。同样的,这里也存在方法名称是如何确定的问题。我们也在稍后介绍。
如果你也使用PhpEd进行PHP的开发和调试,那么从下面的调试窗口截图中,你可以很清除的看到$data和$out之间的关系:
三、解析数据
上面得到的$data中的数据是标准的XML结构的数据。所以在PHP中,我们需要创建一个XML解析器来对这个数据进行分析。代码如下:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
$ParsedData=array(); function startElement($parser, $name, $attribs) echo " $k="$v""; function endElement($parser, $name) $xml_parser= xml_parser_create(); echo " ";<br> if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data)) {<br> die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d", xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),<br> xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));<br> }<br> echo " Copy after login xml_parser_free($xml_parser); |
这里的详细操作需要参考PHP函数手册中关于XML函数的那一章。这里不再赘述。一旦数据被解析成功,我们就可以进行进一步的处理。例如下面的代码就遍历该数组,然后输出:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
foreach ($ParsedData as $k=>$v) { echo $k."=>".$v." "; } |
四、解读WSDL
上面我们留下了两个疑问:如何知道一个WebService提供的方法,以及它的参数?所有的答案都在WSDL描述中。对于本文使用的WSDL来说,我们 从中截取一段来分析。由于我们是通过Soap进行调用,所以我对完整的WSDL进行了节选,只列出关于Soap调用的部分(反相显示的部分):
首先我们注意到
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
|
很明显,ValidateZip要求一个参数,名称为ZipCode,类型为string。
同样,我们再看
•怎样找到要调用的函数?
•怎样知道函数的参数、类型?
•怎样得到函数的返回值?
例2,
这里我们使用php5自带的类来操作
我的结构如下:在 webservice 文件夹下有如下三个文件:Personinfo.php,SoapClient.php,SoapServer.php,具体作用可以参照代码中的注释。
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
/** /** } |
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
/** //根据实际情况修改下行内容 $s->setClass("PersonInfo"); $s->handle(); header(‘Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8′); try { //根据实际情况修改下行内容 echo $soap->getName(); } catch(SoapFault $e) { |

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