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php soap 调用webservice应用测试

Jun 08, 2016 pm 05:23 PM
gt nbsp php quot soapclient

SoapClient,php5自带的。当然,也可以使用nusoap.php这个纯php写的类,该类代码行数为7K多行,效率上肯定不如SoapClient。

<script>ec(2);</script>

一、寻找WebService来源

WebService可以自己编写,但是也可以从网络上去寻找现成的。我用的是www.xmethods.net里的US Zip Validator。它的WSDL文件位置在:http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL。 它的作用是根据输入的ZIP代码,返回该代码对应的美国地名,州名,经纬度等。

二、创建SoapClient

第二步就是创建SoapClient,并调用WebService中的方法,并获得返回值。PHP代码如下


二、创建SoapClient

第二步就是创建SoapClient,并调用WebService中的方法,并获得返回值。PHP代码如下:

 代码如下 复制代码

$objSoapClient = new SoapClient("http://www.webservicemart.com/uszip.asmx?WSDL");

$param=array("ZipCode"=>$zip);
$out=$objSoapClient->ValidateZip($param);
$data=$out->ValidateZipResult;

SoapClient的创建有好多方法,我们用的是最标准的(也是最简单的)WSDL方法。由于查询ZIP的方法肯定需要一个参数,所以我们必须创建一个数组,用“参数名=>取值”的方式进行赋值。

也许读者会对这个数组的创建有一定的兴趣。比如,我们怎么知道“参数名”应该是“ZipCode”而不是别的什么呢?为什么没有更多的参数了,而只有一个?OK,这个问题我们稍后解释。因为这牵涉到WSDL的解读。

创建好参数后,同样的,我们调用SoapClient的方法ValidateZip,并传递参数进去;对于返回的结果,我们用$data变量取出我们真正感兴趣的东西。同样的,这里也存在方法名称是如何确定的问题。我们也在稍后介绍。

如果你也使用PhpEd进行PHP的开发和调试,那么从下面的调试窗口截图中,你可以很清除的看到$data和$out之间的关系:


三、解析数据

上面得到的$data中的数据是标准的XML结构的数据。所以在PHP中,我们需要创建一个XML解析器来对这个数据进行分析。代码如下:

 代码如下 复制代码

$ParsedData=array();

function startElement($parser, $name, $attribs)
{
    global $ParsedData;
    echo "$name";
    if (count($attribs)) {
        foreach ($attribs as $k => $v)
        {
            $ParsedData[$k]=$v;

            echo " $k="$v"";
        }
    }
    echo ">";
}

function endElement($parser, $name)
{
    echo "$name>";
}

$xml_parser= xml_parser_create();
xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 1);
xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");

echo "

";<br>
if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data)) {<br>
    die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d", xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),<br>
         xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));<br>
}<br>
echo "
Copy after login
";

xml_parser_free($xml_parser);

这里的详细操作需要参考PHP函数手册中关于XML函数的那一章。这里不再赘述。一旦数据被解析成功,我们就可以进行进一步的处理。例如下面的代码就遍历该数组,然后输出:

 代码如下 复制代码
foreach ($ParsedData as $k=>$v)
{
    echo $k."=>".$v."
";
}

四、解读WSDL

上面我们留下了两个疑问:如何知道一个WebService提供的方法,以及它的参数?所有的答案都在WSDL描述中。对于本文使用的WSDL来说,我们 从中截取一段来分析。由于我们是通过Soap进行调用,所以我对完整的WSDL进行了节选,只列出关于Soap调用的部分(反相显示的部分):

 

首先我们注意到这一节,它指出了在Soap调用中,入口参数要参照ValidateZip,于是我们接着转到文件上面一点的地方,看ValidateZip方法的定义:

 代码如下 复制代码


   
       
           
       

   

很明显,ValidateZip要求一个参数,名称为ZipCode,类型为string。

同样,我们再看这一节,它指出Soap调用的出口参数是ValidateZipResponse。而后者的 传出参数名称是ValidateZipResult。于是,我们就解释了前两节提出的问题:

•怎样找到要调用的函数?
•怎样知道函数的参数、类型?
•怎样得到函数的返回值?

例2,

这里我们使用php5自带的类来操作

我的结构如下:在 webservice 文件夹下有如下三个文件:Personinfo.php,SoapClient.php,SoapServer.php,具体作用可以参照代码中的注释。

 代码如下 复制代码


/**
* Personinfo.php
* 此类包含了需要调用的方法
* @author itbdw
*
*/
class Personinfo {

/**
* 返回姓名
* @return unknown_type
*/
public function getName() {
return ‘IT不倒翁’;
}

/**
* 返回特定格式的日期
* @return unknown_type
*/
public function getTime() {
return date(‘Y-m-d’);
}

}

 代码如下 复制代码

/**
* SoapServer.php
* webservice 服务器端实例
*/
//包含提供服务的类
require_once ‘Personinfo.php’;

//根据实际情况修改下行内容
$s = new SoapServer(null, array("location" => "http://zby/webservice/SoapServer.php", "uri" => "SoapServer.php"));

$s->setClass("PersonInfo");

$s->handle();
[/php]
[php]
/**
* SoapClient.php
* webservice 客户端实例
*/

header(‘Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8′);

try {

//根据实际情况修改下行内容
$soap = new SoapClient(null, array(‘location’=>’http://zby/webservice/SoapServer.php’, ‘uri’=>’SoapServer.php’));

echo $soap->getName();
echo $soap->getTime();

} catch(SoapFault $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
} catch(Exception $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}

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