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oracle 10g 快照操作方法

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:56 PM
Snapshot

本文将详细介绍oracle 10g 快照操作方法包括创建、刷新、修改等,需要了解的朋友可以参考下

一不小心听说了oracle 数据库快照,这个词我当初一听就楞了,不知道这个是什么玩意,然后花了点时间研究了下,以下是我通过网络学习总结的

快照主要是用于分布式数据库,我们有数据库A,A中有个表a,我们在数据库B中要使用数据库A中a表的数据,这时候我们就可以在数据库B中创建数据库A的快照,这样可以提高我们的效率。

我理解快照就是对表的复制,定时的将a表复制到b表(包括数据)

注意:用快照创建的表是只读的

创建快照的方法

1、先需要在A数据库中建立表a的快照日志

只有先建立表a的快照日志,才能在快照中执行快速刷新

Create snapshot log on a;

2、在数据库B下建立到数据库A用户的数据库链link

a)只有建立了到A数据库(用户)的数据库链后才能从A数据库(用户)下的表a中获取数据

Create database link link_test

Connect to A数据库用户名(username)identified by A数据库密码(password) using ‘数据库名(database)'


此图为用pl/sql建立link的视图

3、在数据库B下建立a表的快照

Create snapshot t_a——>将来在数据B中对于a表快照显示的表名

REFRESH COMPLETE START WITH SYSDATE+1/24*60*60 NEXT SYSDATE+1/24*60

as select * from a@link_test

SYSDATE+1/24*60*60:表示设定oracle 自动在1秒钟执行刷新,NEXT SYSDATE+1/24*60

表示以后每个1分钟自动刷新一次

说明: REFRESH是刷新方法
刷新方式有:COMPLETE(完全刷新)和FAST(快速刷新)两种,
而START WITH是说明开始执行的时间。
Next是下次执行的时间
而AS以后是构成快照的查询方法。

刷新方法

快照的刷新有两种方式:快速刷新和完全刷新。快速刷新需要快照的主表先有快照日志存在;完全刷新时oracle执行快照查询,将结果放入快照。快速刷新比完全刷新快,因为快速刷新将主数据库的数据经网络发送到快照的数据少,仅需传送主表中修改过的数据,而完全刷新要传送快照查询的全部结果。

4、修改快照

Alter snapshot t_a refresh fast
Start with sysdate+1/2880 next sysdate+1

此sql语句意思:设定oracle 自动在30秒(30/24*60*60)后进行第一次快速刷新,以后,每隔1天快速刷新一次

5、查看快照最后刷新的日期
SELECT NAME,LAST_REFRESH
FROM ALL_SNAPSHOT_REFRESH_TIMES

6、手动刷新快照在命令界面执行
EXEC DBMS_SNAPSHOT.REFRESH('t_a ','C');
第一个参数是要刷新的快照名
第二个参数是刷新的方式,F----FAST, C---COMPLETE

7、说明

a) 建立快照日志时oracle数据库为我们建立了一个基于a的触发器(我没有找到)

tlog$_a和快照日志表mlog$_a(这个已经找到);

网上朋友说在建立快照时建立了一些表,视图之类的,但是我只找到了表,其他的没有找到,希望得到大家的帮助。

总结的如果有什么问题请大家多多指出,共同进步。

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