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oracle 合并查询 事务 sql函数小知识学习

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:55 PM
oracle affairs

oracle 合并查询 事务 sql函数小知识学习,需要的朋友可以参考下

表查询:
合并查询:使用union关键字,可将满足条件的重复行去掉。
代码如下:
select ename,sal,job from emp where sal > 2500 union select ename,sal,job from emp where job = 'MANAGER';

而union all用法和union相似,但是不会取消重复行。
intersect 用来取两个结果的交集。
minus用来取两个结果的差集。
使员工scott的岗位,工资,补助与SMITH员工一样。(使用子查询修改数据)
代码如下:
update emp set (job,sal,comm)=(select job,sal,comm from emp where ename = 'SMITH') where ename = 'SCOTT';

事务:
设置保存点
savepoint a
取消部分事务
roll back to a
取消全部事务
rollback
设置为只读事务,用于统计某一刻之前的信息,而在统计过程中,可能还有访问,影响统计,所以,统计之前,设为只读事务,这样就保存此刻之前的结果,而之后的修改,将不会显示出来,设为只读事务的语句为:
代码如下:
set transaction read only;

设置之后会显示事务处理集。
sql函数:
将显示内容以小写形式显示,使用lower函数,比如
代码如下:
select lower(ename),sal from emp;

显示内容以大写形式显示,使用upper函数.还有length函数和substr函数。
代码如下:
select * from emp where length(ename)=5;
select substr(ename,1,3) from emp;

substr表示从第一个取,取3个。
以首字母大写的方式显示所有员工的姓名。
将员工的姓名首字母大写
代码如下:
select upper(sub(ename,1,1) from emp;

将第一个字母之后的字母以小写的形式表示
代码如下:
select lower(substr(ename,2,length(ename)-1)) from emp;
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然后将两个结果合并,则得到了要显示的内容:
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<PRE class=sql name="code">select upper(substr(ename,1,1))||lower(substr(ename,2,length(ename)-1)) as name from emp;
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替换函数replace
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<PRE class=sql name="code">select replace(ename,'A','我') from emp;
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