Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL服务器默认设置性能优化

MySQL服务器默认设置性能优化

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:53 PM
mysql server default setting

在面试MySQL DBA或者那些打算做MySQL性能优化的人时,我最喜欢问题是:MySQL服务器按照默认设置安装完之后,应该做哪些方面的调节呢? 令我很惊讶的是,有多少人对这个问题无法给出合理的答案,又有多少服务器都运行在默认的设置下。 尽管你可以调节很多MySQL

    在面试MySQL DBA或者那些打算做MySQL性能优化的人时,我最喜欢问题是:MySQL按照默认设置安装完之后,应该做哪些方面的调节呢?

  令我很惊讶的是,有多少人对这个问题无法给出合理的答案,又有多少服务器都运行在默认的设置下。

  尽管你可以调节很多MySQL服务器上的变量,但是在大多数通常的工作负载下,只有少数几个才真正重要。如果你把这些变量设置正确了,那么修改其他变量最多只能对系统性能改善有一定提升。

  key_buffer_size - 这对MyISAM表来说非常重要。如果只是使用MyISAM表,可以把它设置为可用内存的 30-40%。合理的值取决于索引大小、数据量以及负载 -- 记住,MyISAM表会使用操作系统的缓存来缓存数据,因此需要留出部分内存给它们,很多情况下数据比索引大多了。尽管如此,需要总是检查是否所有的 key_buffer 都被利用了 -- .MYI 文件只有 1GB,而 key_buffer 却设置为 4GB 的情况是非常少的。这么做太浪费了。如果你很少使用MyISAM表,那么也保留低于 16-32MB 的key_buffer_size 以适应给予磁盘的临时表索引所需。

  innodb_buffer_pool_size - 这对Innodb表来说非常重要。Innodb相比MyISAM表对缓冲更为敏感。MyISAM可以在默认的 key_buffer_size 设置下运行的可以,然而Innodb在默认的innodb_buffer_pool_size 设置下却跟蜗牛似的。由于Innodb把数据和索引都缓存起来,无需留给操作系统太多的内存,因此如果只需要用Innodb的话则可以设置它高达 70-80% 的可用内存。一些应用于 key_buffer 的规则有 -- 如果你的数据量不大,并且不会暴增,那么无需把innodb_buffer_pool_size 设置的太大了。

  innodb_additional_pool_size - 这个选项对性能影响并不太多,至少在有差不多足够内存可分配的操作系统上是这样。不过如果你仍然想设置为 20MB(或者更大),因此就需要看一下Innodb其他需要分配的内存有多少。

  innodb_log_file_size 在高写入负载尤其是大数据集的情况下很重要。这个值越大则性能相对越高,但是要注意到可能会增加恢复时间。我经常设置为64-512MB,根据服务器大小而异。

  innodb_log_buffer_size 默认的设置在中等强度写入负载以及较短事务的情况下,服务器性能还可以。如果存在更新操作峰值或者负载较大,就应该考虑加大它的值了。如果它的值设置太高了,可能会浪费内存 -- 它每秒都会刷新一次,因此无需设置超过1秒所需的内存空间。通常8-16MB就足够了。越小的系统它的值越小。

  innodb_flush_logs_at_trx_commit 是否为Innodb比MyISAM慢1000倍而头大?看来也许你忘了修改这个参数了。默认值是 1,这意味着每次提交的更新事务(或者每个事务之外的语句)都会刷新到磁盘中,而这相当耗费资源,尤其是没有电池备用缓存时。很多应用程序,尤其是从 MyISAM转变过来的那些,把它的值设置为 2 就可以了,也就是不把日志刷新到磁盘上,而只刷新到操作系统的缓存上。日志仍然会每秒刷新到磁盘中去,因此通常不会丢失每秒1-2次更新的消耗。如果设置为0就快很多了,不过也相对不安全了 -- MySQL服务器崩溃时就会丢失一些事务。设置为2指挥丢失刷新到操作系统缓存的那部分事务。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1663
14
PHP Tutorial
1266
29
C# Tutorial
1238
24
MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications Apr 17, 2025 am 12:23 AM

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

Laravel Introduction Example Laravel Introduction Example Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:45 PM

Laravel is a PHP framework for easy building of web applications. It provides a range of powerful features including: Installation: Install the Laravel CLI globally with Composer and create applications in the project directory. Routing: Define the relationship between the URL and the handler in routes/web.php. View: Create a view in resources/views to render the application's interface. Database Integration: Provides out-of-the-box integration with databases such as MySQL and uses migration to create and modify tables. Model and Controller: The model represents the database entity and the controller processes HTTP requests.

MySQL and phpMyAdmin: Core Features and Functions MySQL and phpMyAdmin: Core Features and Functions Apr 22, 2025 am 12:12 AM

MySQL and phpMyAdmin are powerful database management tools. 1) MySQL is used to create databases and tables, and to execute DML and SQL queries. 2) phpMyAdmin provides an intuitive interface for database management, table structure management, data operations and user permission management.

Solve database connection problem: a practical case of using minii/db library Solve database connection problem: a practical case of using minii/db library Apr 18, 2025 am 07:09 AM

I encountered a tricky problem when developing a small application: the need to quickly integrate a lightweight database operation library. After trying multiple libraries, I found that they either have too much functionality or are not very compatible. Eventually, I found minii/db, a simplified version based on Yii2 that solved my problem perfectly.

MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A Comparison MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A Comparison Apr 19, 2025 am 12:22 AM

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages ​​such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages ​​have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

Laravel framework installation method Laravel framework installation method Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:54 PM

Article summary: This article provides detailed step-by-step instructions to guide readers on how to easily install the Laravel framework. Laravel is a powerful PHP framework that speeds up the development process of web applications. This tutorial covers the installation process from system requirements to configuring databases and setting up routing. By following these steps, readers can quickly and efficiently lay a solid foundation for their Laravel project.

MySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database Management MySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database Management Apr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA

Solve MySQL mode problem: The experience of using the TheliaMySQLModesChecker module Solve MySQL mode problem: The experience of using the TheliaMySQLModesChecker module Apr 18, 2025 am 08:42 AM

When developing an e-commerce website using Thelia, I encountered a tricky problem: MySQL mode is not set properly, causing some features to not function properly. After some exploration, I found a module called TheliaMySQLModesChecker, which is able to automatically fix the MySQL pattern required by Thelia, completely solving my troubles.

See all articles