mysql中触发器的简单实例
一个简单的例子
1.1. 创建表:
create table t(s1 integer);
1.2. 触发器:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
?delimiter | create trigger t_trigger before insert on t for each row begin set @x = "hello trigger"; set NEW.s1 = 55; end; |
|
1.3. 如果触发器创建错误,可能只能删除了,至少我试过不能replace
drop trigger t_trigger;
1.4. 当执行insert 时:
insert into t values(1);
1.5. 会执行触发器t_trigger
select @x,t.* from t;
1.6. 可以看到结果:
1.7可以使用 SHOW TRIGGERS; 查看新建的触发器
#创建触发器,当往order表中添加记录是,更新goods表
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
delimiter $ CREATE TRIGGER trigger1 AFTER INSERT ON `order` FOR EACH ROW BEGIN UPDATE goods SET num=num-new.much WHERE id=new.gid; END$ |
执行
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
INSERT INTO `order` (gid,much) VALUES(1,5) 后 SELECT * FROM goods WHERE id=1 |
发现 电视机的数量剩下30
当执行
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
INSERT INTO `order` (gid,much) VALUES(2,100) |
后
发现
冰箱的数量剩下-77
这是一个很明显的漏洞,如何补救呢?
由于update事件是在insert之后发生的,所以我们无法事先对用户的下单数量(即order表
中的much字段)进行过滤
解决办法:
在创建触发器的时候,将after关键字改成before,并对用户的下单数量进行判断
首先,得删除先去的触发器
drop trigger trigger1;
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
#创建触发器 #触发时间:before delimiter $ CREATE TRIGGER trigger1 BEFORE INSERT ON `order` FOR EACH ROW BEGIN IF new.much >5 THEN SET new.much=5 END IF; UPDATE goods SET num=num-new.much WHERE id=new.gid; END$ |
这样,当执行INSERT INTO `order` (gid,much) VALUES(2,100)的时候,写入order表的下单数量其实只有5,同样,goods表中的库存数量只有减少5,因为在insert操作之前先触发了
update操作,借此可以对下单数量做个判断
下面我们来做个题目
现在有张表user(id,name,pass)
还有一张表user_data(,d_id,d_name,d_tel);
我想让在user表添加一个记录的时候触发使user_data也添加一条记录.
比如记录是 1 , 张三,114
这个触发器在mysql中要怎么写,记得是mysql不是别的
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
mysql> delimiter // -> create trigger sitedata_ins2 -> before insert on user -> for each row -> Begin -> If not exists(select 1 from user_data where d_id=new.id) then -> insert into user_data(d_id,d_name) values(new.id,new.name); -> END IF; -> end;// -> delimiter ; |
或者简单一点:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
mysql> delimiter // -> create trigger sitedata_ins2 -> before insert on user -> for each row -> Begin -> insert into user_data(d_id,d_name) values(new.id,new.name); -> end;// -> delimiter ; |
二种方法都可以,建议你用第一种

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