SQL Server中使用set和select赋值时一些比较区别
SQL Server 中对已经定义的变量赋值的方式用两种,分别是 SET 和 SELECT。对于这两种方式的区别,SQL Server 联机丛书中已经有详细的说明,但很多时候我们并没有注意,其实这两种方式还是有很多差别的。
SQL Server推荐使用 SET 而不是 SELECT 对变量进行赋值。
当表达式返回一个值并对一个变量进行赋值时,推荐使用 SET 方法。
下表列出 SET 与 SELECT 的区别。请特别注意红色部分。
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
/****************** 场景布置 ******************/
-----角色2: -----角色3: |
实例
为说明其差别,建立一张数据表,插入几条数据
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
insert into tblStudent(id,name) values('2008110101','张三'); |
1.select可以同时给多个变量赋值,set只能给一个变量赋值
情况1:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
declare @variable1 int,@variable2 int Msg 102, Level 15, State 1, Line 4 |
情况2:
declare @variable1 int,@variable2 int Command(s) completed successfully
set @variable2=1
set @variable2=2
select @variable1=1,@variable2=2 正常通过
.
2.当返回值为多行时,select不会出错,set要报错
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
declare @id nvarchar(10) print 'set赋多返回值:' |
错误码中Subquery returned more than 1 value.(即子查询返回超过一个值)
3.当无返回值时,set不为变量赋值,select赋值为NULL
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
--使用set赋空返回值 SET @id = --使用select赋空返回值 SELECT @id = name --使用select赋值时,当查询无返回值时就不为变量赋值,变量保持以前的值即'无值' |

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