Oracle数据库导出导入简单介绍
racle数据库的导出和导入使用exp、imp命令,在cmd或sqlplus.exe命令环境执行。exp命令可以把数据从远程数据库服务器导出为本地的dmp文件,imp命令可以把dmp文件从本地导入到远处的数据库服务器中。cmd命令行执行导入导出实际上是通过Oracle安装目录bin文件夹
racle数据库的导出和导入使用exp、imp命令,在cmd或sqlplus.exe命令环境执行。exp命令可以把数据从远程数据库服务器导出为本地的dmp文件,imp命令可以把dmp文件从本地导入到远处的数据库服务器中。cmd命令行执行导入导出实际上是通过Oracle安装目录bin文件夹下的imp.exe和exp.exe程序来执行的。查看“环境变量”的path中,增加了D:oracleora92bin为全局变量(如果你的Oracle安装在D盘的话)。
2.1.1 exp的四种模式:
1、表模式,用于导出某张表。
2、用户模式,用于导出某用户的Schema。
3、表空间模式,用于导出表空间。表空间的是由数据文件组成的,把数据文件从当前库copy到目标库,在用exp工具从当前库导出这个表空间的字典信息再导入到目标库,分两步走。限制较多。
4、数据库模式。用于导出整个数据库,不适合大数据量。
2.1.2 导出例子
导出1--用户模式
exp 用户名/密码@网络服务名 file=d:/oralce_bak_20101001.dmp owner=用户名 log=d:/exp.log direct=y
file:导出的*.dmp文件输出到指定目录
owner:导出哪个用户的Schema
log:日志文件输了到指定目录 (可选)
direct:y表示直接导出 (可选) 速度比一般导出快一倍以上,默认n
rows:y表示同时导出数据 (可选),默认值y,n表示只导表结构
导出2--表模式
exp 用户名/密码@网络服务名 file=20101001.dmp tables=表名1,表名2 rows=y log=exp.log
file:导出的*.dmp文件输出到当前目录
tables:指定导出的表名,可以是多个,用逗号分隔
rows:y表示同时导出数据 (可选),默认值y,n表示只导表结构
log:日志文件输了到当前目录 (可选)
导出3--数据库模式
exp 用户名/密码@网络服务名 file=20101001.dmp full=y rows=y log=exp.log grants=y
file:导出的*.dmp文件输出到当前目录
full:导出整个库
rows:y表示同时导出数据 (可选),默认值y ,n表示只导库结构
log:日志文件输了到当前目录 (可选)
grants: y表示导出授权 (可选)
下面以实例来说明导出导入的命令格式:
数据库的导出:
1、将数据库TEST完全导出,用户名system 密码manager,导出到D:daochu.dmp中
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
exp system/manager@TEST file=d:daochu.dmp full=y |
2、将数据库中system用户与sys用户的表导出
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
exp system/manager@TEST file=d:daochu.dmp owner=(system,sys) |
3、将数据库中的表inner_notify、notify_staff_relat导出
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
exp aichannel/aichannel@TESTDB2 file= d:datanewsmgnt.dmp tables=(inner_notify,notify_staff_relat) |
4、将数据库中的表table1中的字段filed1以"00"打头的数据导出
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
exp system/manager@TEST file=d:daochu.dmp tables=(table1) query=" where filed1 like '00%'" |
数据库的导入:
首先通过Database Configuration Assistant新建no database的空数据库daoru,将数据库TEST导入到数据库daoru中
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
imp user/pwd@daoru file=d:TEST.dmp fromuser=user touser=user buffer=10240000 |
注意: 你要有足够的权限,权限不够它会提示你。
数据库时可以连上的。可以用tnsping TEST 来获得数据库TEST能否连上
还有一个dmp命令,这里说一下
导出dmp文件步骤
输入:运行CMD ? exp(或者Oracle的Bin目录下的exp.exe)
用户名/密码@库名(例:NCS_TEST/K@GAICHU)
导出路径(c:text.dmp)
一系列默认回车
导出完毕
2.导入dmp文件步骤
输入:运行CMD ? imp(或者Oracle的Bin目录下的imp.exe)
用户名/密码@库名(例:NCS_TEST/K@GAICHU)
导入路径(c:text.dmp)
一系列默认回车
导入完毕

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