利用XtrabBackup工具备份及恢复
Xtrabackup 是percona的一个开源项目，可以热备份innodb ，XtraDB,和MyISAM（会锁表），可以看做是InnoDB Hotbackup的免费替代品
Xtrabackup------MySQL DBA的必备工具
注意：
1)文档参照:start
2)mysql要使用5.1.50版本或以上。
一、Xtrabackup简介及安装
1、Xtrabackup 是percona的一个开源项目，可以热备份innodb ，，XtraDB,和MyISAM（会锁表），可以看做是InnoDB Hotbackup的免费替代品。
Percona Support for MySQL
BenefitSilver
(Per Server)Gold
(Unlimited)Platinum
(Unlimited)
Annual Price $1,500/server From $15,000 From $30,000
Number of Servers Covered Per-Server Unlimited Unlimited
Number of Support Incidents Unlimited Unlimited Unlimited
Response Time SLA 60 Minutes 30 Minutes 30 Minutes
Named Support Contact Persons 5 10 20
Email, Web, & Chat Support
Phone Support
Login Support
24×7 Support
Fixes For Verified Bugs
Hot Bug Fixes
Onsite System Audit Option
Covers Old Server Versions
Covers Non-Standard Platforms Option
Covers Custom Code Option
参考：
先看看如何安装Xtrabackup,最简单的安装方式是使用RPM包，不过想使用源代码方式安装的话，其安装方式有点古怪，因为它采用的在MySQL源代码上打补丁构建的方式安装的。
2、安装：
wget
tar zxf xtrabackup-1.4.tar.gz
cd xtrabackup-1.4
./configure
make
进行到这里时，千万别make install，那样就会接着安装MySQL了，正确方法是：
cd innobase/xtrabackup/
make
make install
安装参照：:installation:from-source
3、如此一来，就会在/usr/bin目录里安装上两个有用的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex
1)xtrabackup 只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，支持在线热备份，可以在不加锁的情况备份Innodb数据表，不过此工具不能操作Myisam引擎表
2)innobackupex 是一个脚本封装，封装了xtrabackup,能同时处理Innodb和Myisam，但在处理Myisam时需要加一个读锁。
按如上的介绍，由于操作Myisam时需要加读锁，这会堵塞线上服务的写操作，而Innodb没有这样的限制，所以数据库中Innodb表类型所占的比例越大，则越有利。实际应用中一般是直接使用innobackupex方法，它主要有三种操作方式，按手册中的介绍：
Usage:
innobackup [--sleep=MS] [--compress[=LEVEL]] [--include=REGEXP] [--user=NAME]
[--password=WORD] [--port=PORT] [--socket=SOCKET] [--no-timestamp]
[--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY] [--slave-info] [--stream=tar]
[--defaults-file=MY.CNF]
[--databases=LIST] [--remote-host=HOSTNAME] BACKUP-ROOT-DIR
innobackup --apply-log [--use-memory=MB] [--uncompress] [--defaults-file=MY.CNF]
[--ibbackup=IBBACKUP-BINARY] BACKUP-DIR
innobackup --copy-back [--defaults-file=MY.CNF] BACKUP-DIR
——————————————————————————————————
第一个命令行是热备份mysql数据库。
带有--apply-log选项的命令是准备在一个备份上启动mysql服务。
带有--copy-back选项的命令从备份目录拷贝数据，索引，日志到my.cnf文件里规定的初始位置。
Xtrabackup还可以用来moving InnoDB tables between servers，更多的内容可以参考官方文档及例子。
参考链接：
1.官方文档：:xtrabackup_manual
2.Xtrabackup online backup for InnoDB/XTraDB（pdf）:
推荐阅读：
MySQL开源备份工具Xtrabackup备份部署
MySQL Xtrabackup备份和恢复
用XtraBackup实现MySQL的主从复制快速部署【主不锁表】
安装和使用 Percona 推出的 Xtrabackup 备份 MySQL
XtraBackup 的详细介绍：请点这里
XtraBackup 的下载地址：请点这里
请继续阅读：
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