to_date转成字符串时ORA-01843 not a valid month 问题分析
在开发Oracle SQL或PL/SQL程序过程中,我们常常遇到将字符串类型转换成DATE类型的需求。我们会使用to_date来实现这个转换需求。但
在开发Oracle SQL或PL/SQL程序过程中,我们常常遇到将字符串类型转换成DATE类型的需求。我们会使用to_date来实现这个转换需求。但有时候这种转换会出错,报ORA-01843:not a valid month。有时候这种转换在开发系统上测试时是正常的,部署到生产环境时却出这种错误。
例如,我们需要将字符串类型的字符串'19-JUN-01'转换为时间类型的对象。
这个字符串是常见的英文环境中的时间表达方式"天-月-年",其中"月"使用英文简写。所以使用to_date(xx,'dd-mon-yy')转换它,转换格式是'dd-mon-yy'。
但是,在实际转换操作时,转换失败,如下所示:
SQL> select To_Date('19-JUN-01','dd-mon-yy') from dual;
select To_Date('19-JUN-01','dd-mon-yy') from dual
ORA-01843: not a valid month
出错信息显示"月"所对应的数据无效。
就是说,to_date函数在这个系统中不能识别"JUN".这是英文的月简写。
如果换成中文的表达方式,如'19-10月-01'。则系统就能正确转换。如下所示:
SQL> select To_Date('19-10月-01','dd-mon-yy') from dual;
TO_DATE('19-10月-01','DD-MON-Y
------------------------------
2001-10-19
这个问题的本质是系统不能识别英文的月简写,而能识别中文。
Oracle系统的语言配置主要保存在V$NLS_PARAMETERS数据字典视图中。查询该视图关于语言的设置值。如下:
SQL> select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter like '%DATE%';
PARAMETER VALUE
---------------------------------------------------------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
NLS_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE SIMPLIFIED CHINESE
证实数据库系统是语言环境是简体中文,这也是数据库实例级别的配置。
如果需要使To_Date('19-JUN-01','dd-mon-yy') 正常操作,只需要修改一下NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE的值,,修改为AMERICAN,就能识别。
对于开发人员而言,实例级的语言设置参数NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE是不能修改的,但你可以修改会话级的。只要将你连接上数据库实例的会话中该参数值修改为AMERICAN,也是能转换的。
SQL> alter session set nls_date_language='american';
Session altered
SQL> select To_Date('19-JUN-01','dd-mon-yy') from dual;
TO_DATE('19-JUN-01','DD-MON-YY
------------------------------
2001-6-19
SQL>
这样就可以使用了。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics











The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

InnoDB uses redologs and undologs to ensure data consistency and reliability. 1.redologs record data page modification to ensure crash recovery and transaction persistence. 2.undologs records the original data value and supports transaction rollback and MVCC.

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

MySQL index cardinality has a significant impact on query performance: 1. High cardinality index can more effectively narrow the data range and improve query efficiency; 2. Low cardinality index may lead to full table scanning and reduce query performance; 3. In joint index, high cardinality sequences should be placed in front to optimize query.

MySQL is suitable for small and large enterprises. 1) Small businesses can use MySQL for basic data management, such as storing customer information. 2) Large enterprises can use MySQL to process massive data and complex business logic to optimize query performance and transaction processing.
