Oracle 客户端连接排错
要排除客户端与服务器端的连接问题，首先检查客户端配置是否正确(客户端配置必须与数据库服务器端监听配置一致)，再根据错误提示解决。下面列出几种常见的连接问题
1、 ORA----12541: TNS: 没有监听器 显而易见，服务器端的监听器没有启动，另外检查客户端IP地址或端口填写是否正确。启动监听器： $ lsnrctl start 或 C:lsnrctl star
2、 ORA----12500: TNS: 监听程序无法启动专用服务进程 对于Windows而言，没有启动Oracle实例服务。启动实例服务： C:oradim –startup -sid myoracle
3、 ORA----12535: TNS: 操作超时 出现这个问题的原因很多，但主要跟网络有关。解决这个问题，首先检查客户端与服务端的网络是否畅通，如果网络连通，则检查两端的防火墙是否阻挡了连接
4、 ORA----12154: TNS: 无法处理服务名 检查输入的服务名与配置的服务名是否一致。另外注意生成的本地服务名文件(Windows下如D:oracleora92networkadmin tnsnames.ora，Linux/Unix下/network/admin/tnsnames.ora)里每项服务的首行服务名称前不能有空格。
5、 ORA----12514: TNS: 监听进程不能解析在连接描述符中给出SERVICE_NAMESERVICE_NAMESERVICE_NAMESERVICE_NAME 打开Net Manager，选中服务名称，检查服务标识栏里的服务名输入是否正确。该服务名必须与服务器端监听器配置的全局数据库名一致。
6、 Windows下启动监听服务提示找不到路径 用命令或在服务窗口中启动监听提示找不到路径，或监听服务启动异常。打开注册表，进入HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/Current ControlSet/Services/OracleOraHome92TNSListener项，查看ImagePath字符串项是否存在，如果没有，设定值为D:oracleora92BINTNSLSNR，不同的安装路径设定值做相应的更改。这种方法同样适用于Oracle实例服务，同上，找到如同HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/SYSTEM/Current ControlSet/Services/OracleServiceMYORACLE项，查看ImagePath字符串项是否存在，如果没有，则新建，设定值为d:oracleora92 binORACLE.EXEMYORACLE。 以上是Oracle客户端连接服务器端常见的一些问题，，当然不能囊括所有的连接异常。解决问题的关键在于方法与思路，而不是每种问题都有固定的答案。
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