PHP魔术方法的使用示例_php实例
① __get/__set:将对象的属性进行接管
当访问一个不存在的对象属性时:
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
//在php中访问一个不存在的对象属性时
echo $obj->title;
会抛出一个错误:Notice: Undefined property: Common\Object::$title in D:\practise\php\design\psr0\index.php on line 9
当在Common/Object.php 中添加 __set 和 __get 方法后
Object.php
namespace Common;
class Object{
function __set($key,$value){
}
function __get($key){
}
}
再执行 index.php,不会再报错。
再次修改 Common/Object.php
namespace Common;
class Object{
protected $array = array();
function __set($key,$value){
var_dump(__METHOD__);
$this->array[$key] = $value;
}
function __get($key){
var_dump(__METHOD__);
return $this->array[$key];
}
}
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
$obj->title = 'hello';
echo $obj->title;
执行 index.php,页面输出:
string 'Common\Object::__set' (length=20)
string 'Common\Object::__get' (length=20)
hello
② __call/__callStatic:控制 PHP 对象方法的调用(__callStatic 用来控制类的静态方法)
当执行一个不存在的php方法时
index.php:
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
//当执行一个不存在的php方法时
$obj->test('hello',123);
执行 index.php 会报一个致命错误:Fatal error: Call to undefined method Common\Object::test() in D:\practise\php\design\psr0\index.php on line 9
如果在 Common/Object 中定义一个__call 方法,则会在方法不存在时自动回调:
namespace Common;
class Object{
function __call($func, $param){ //$func 方法名 $param 参数
var_dump($func, $param);
return "magic function\n"; //返回一个字符串作为返回值
}
}
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
//当执行一个不存在的php方法时
echo $obj->test('hello',123);
页面输出:
string 'test' (length=4)
array
0 => string 'hello' (length=5)
1 => int 123
magic function
当调用一个不存在的静态方法时
Common/Object.php
namespace Common;
class Object{
static function __callStatic($name, $arguments) {
var_dump($name, $arguments);
return "magic function\n"; //返回一个字符串作为返回值
}
}
注意:__callStatic 方法也要声明成静态方法
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
//执行一个不存在的静态方法
echo Common\Object::test("hello",1234);
执行 index.php ,页面输出:
string 'test' (length=4)
array
0 => string 'hello' (length=5)
1 => int 1234
magic function
③ __toString:将一个 PHP 对象转换成一个字符串
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
echo $obj;
此时会报错: Catchable fatal error: Object of class Common\Object could not be converted to string in D:\practise\php\design\psr0\index.php on line 8
在 Object.php 中添加 __toString 方法
namespace Common;
class Object{
function __toString() {
return __CLASS__;
}
}
④ __invoke:将一个 PHP 对象当成一个函数来执行时,会回调此魔术方法
index.php
define('BASEDIR',__DIR__); //定义根目录常量
include BASEDIR.'/Common/Loader.php';
spl_autoload_register('\\Common\\Loader::autoload');
$obj = new \Common\Object();
echo $obj("test");
Object.php
namespace Common;
class Object{
function __invoke($param) {
var_dump($param);
return 'invoke';
}
}
页面输出:
string 'test' (length=4)
invoke

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