Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle数据库系统使用总结的几条经验分享

Oracle数据库系统使用总结的几条经验分享

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:11 PM

Oracle数据库系统使用总结的几条经验分享,Oracle数据库是一种大型数据库系统,一般应用于商业,政府部门,它的功能很强大,能够

例如,下面这条命令执行起来很慢
  以下是代码片段:
select a.empno from emp a where a.empno not in
(select empno from emp1 where job=′SALE′);
  倘若利用外部联接,改写命令如下:
  以下是代码片段:
select a.empno from emp a ,emp1 b
where a.empno=b.empno(+)
and b.empno is null
and b.job=′SALE′;
  可以发现,运行速度明显提高。

3.删除表内重复记录的方法
  可以利用这样的命令来删除表内重复记录:
  Oracle数据库是一种大型数据库系统,一般应用于商业,政府部门,它的功能很强大,能够处理大批量的数据,在网络方面也用的非常多。Oracle数据库管理系统是一个以关系型和面向对象为中心管理数据的数据库管理软件系统……

4.set transaction 命令的用法
  在执行大事务时,有时oracle会报出如下的错误:
  以下是代码片段:
ORA-01555:snapshot too old (rollback segment too small)
  这说明oracle给此事务随机分配的回滚段太小了,这时可以为它指定一个足够大的回滚段,以确保这个事务的成功执行。例如
  以下是代码片段:
set transaction use rollback segment roll_abc;
delete from table_name where 。..
commit;
  回滚段roll_abc被指定给这个delete事务,commit命令则在事务结束之后取消了回滚段的指定。

5.使用索引的注意事项
  select,update,delete 语句中的子查询应当有规律地查找少于20%的表行。如果一个语句查找的行数超过总行数的20%,它将不能通过使用索引获得性能上的提高。
  索引可能产生碎片,因为记录从表中删除时,相应也从表的索引中删除。表释放的空间可以再用,而索引释放的空间却不能再用。频繁进行删除操作的被索引的表,应当阶段性地重建索引,以避免在索引中造成空间碎片,影响性能。在许可的条件下,也可以阶段性地truncate表,truncate命令删除表中所有记录,也删除索引碎片。

6.数据库重建应注意的问题
  在利用import进行数据库重建过程中,有些视图可能会带来问题,因为结构输入的顺序可能造成视图的输入先于它低层次表的输入,这样建立视图就会失败。要解决这一问题,可采取分两步走的方法:首先输入结构,然后输入数据。命令举例如下 (uesrname:jfcl,password:hfjf,host sting:ora1,数据文件:expdata.dmp):
  以下是代码片段:
imp jfcl/hfjf@ora1 file=empdata.dmp rows=N
imp jfcl/hfjf@ora1 file=empdata.dmp full=Y buffer=64000
commit=Y ignore=Y
  第一条命令输入所有数据库结构,但无记录。第二次输入结构和数据,64000字节提交一次.ignore=Y选项保证第二次输入既使对象存在的情况下也能成功。

  以上六条小经验是从平时的工作中总结出来的,,拿出来与大家分享,希望能帮到大家。

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