MongoDB: 一个简单的配置两个shared的例子
下面这个例子开启了两个shared服务,一个配置服务,一个mongos服务,所有这些服务都在同一台服务器上进行测试,当然也可以放在不
下面这个例子开启了两个shared服务,一个配置服务,一个mongos服务,所有这些服务都在同一台服务器上进行测试,当然也可以放在不同的服务器上。
1. 创建Shards在本机上启动一对shared服务
2. 启动配置与mongos服务
下面要启动配置服务与mongos服务,
这里mongos不需要指定数据目录,它所需要的数据都是从配置服务器上得到的。当然这里的配置服务器也可以集群,这样可以提高可用性。
当然这里的两个shard和配置服务可以分布在不同的机器上,只要在这里指定相应的ip地址就行。这里为了测试,把所有服务都开在同一台服务器上。
NOTE: 要注意的是,mongos默认的chunk的大小为200M,你可以在启动mongos服务的时候设置chunk的大小,它以MB为单位,当两个shard进行数据平衡的时候,就会以chunk为单位进行数据迁移。
这里设置chunkSize为1MB
3. 连接mongos服务如果在本机连接服务的话只要./mongo命令就可以,它默认的连接端口号为27017,当然你也可以连接远程的服务器, 这里要指定机器ip地址。
下面我们连接mongos后进行shard的配置。
下面你要说明要对哪个数据库进行分块,,而且数据库中的表要指定相应的一个key或多个keys,这里为用来对数据进行切分用的。
4. 看一下数据库的状态这些表包括了分块配置的所有的信息。
5. 分块与复制的关系。
数据的分块就相当于对数据库进行scale out,所集中管理的数据分到不同的单点上去管理,以提高数据库的可扩展性。前面所讲的复制是提高数据的可用性而准备的,它不会因为一个节点的故障而影响数据的可用性。
看一下面的图就知道明白了,一个是横向扩展(shared),另一个是纵向扩展(replication),从而形成了一个数据阵列。

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