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查看Oracle中表的索引是否存在

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:59 PM
database

用user_indexes和user_ind_columns系统表查看已经存在的索引对于系统中已经存在的索引我们可以通过以下的两个系统视图(user_inde

用user_indexes和user_ind_columns系统表查看已经存在的索引

对于系统中已经存在的索引我们可以通过以下的两个系统视图(user_indexes和user_ind_columns)来查看其具体内容,例如是属于那个表,哪个列和,具体有些什么参数等等。

user_indexes:     系统视图存放是索引的名称以及该索引是否是唯一索引等信息。

user_ind_column:  系统视图存放的是索引名称,,对应的表和列等。

查看索引个数和类别:

SQL> select * from user_indexes where table='表名' ;

查看索引被索引的字段:

SQL> select * from user_ind_columns where index_name=upper('&index_name');

我们可以通过类似下面的语句来查看一个表的索引的基本情况:

select user_ind_columns.index_name,user_ind_columns.column_name,

user_ind_columns.column_position,user_indexes.uniqueness

from user_ind_columns,user_indexes

where user_ind_columns.index_name = user_indexes.index_name

and user_ind_columns.table_name = ‘你想要查询的表名字’;


通过这条SQL语句我们能查看到一个表的具体的索引的情况,如果你想对这表的索引进行进一步的探究你应该到user_indexes中去具体的看以下这个索引的基本情况。


完整性约束
  DBA_CONSTRAINTS、ALL_CONSTRAINTS和USER_CONSTRAINST  显示有关约束的一般信息。
  DBA_CONS_COLUMNS、ALL_CONS_COLUMNS和USER_CONS_COLUMNS 显示有关列的相关约束的一般信息。

ALL_CONS_COLUMNS 视图和DBA_CONS_COLUMNS 视图与USER_CONS_COLUMNS有相同的列定义。


ALL_CONS_COLUMNS 视图能够显示用户可以访问的所有表上约束的列信息,而不管所有者是谁。
DBA_CONS_COLUMNS 视图列出了整个数据库的列级约束信息。
USER_CONS_COLUMNS

user_constraints 和 user_cons_columns表得作用及其联系

user_constraints:  是表约束的视图,描述的是约束类型(constraint_type)是什么,属于哪些表(table_name),如果约束的类型为R(外键)的话,那么r_constraint_name字段存放的就是被引用主表中的主键约束名。  

user_cons_columns: 是表约束字段的视图,说明表中的和约束相关的列参与了哪些约束。这些约束有主键约束,外键约束,索引约束. 

两者可以通过(owner,constraint_name,table_name)关联:

select
a.owner 外键拥有者,
a.table_name 外键表,
substr(c.column_name,1,127) 外键列,
b.owner 主键拥有者,
b.table_name 主键表,
substr(d.column_name,1,127) 主键列
from
user_constraints a,
user_constraints b,
user_cons_columns c,
user_cons_columns d
where
    a.r_constraint_name=b.constraint_name
and a.constraint_type='R'
and b.constraint_type='P'
and a.r_owner=b.owner
and a.constraint_name=c.constraint_name
and b.constraint_name=d.constraint_name
and a.owner=c.owner
and a.table_name=c.table_name
and b.owner=d.owner
and b.table_name=d.table_name

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