Home Database Mysql Tutorial corosync+pacemaker and drbd实现mysql高可用集群

corosync+pacemaker and drbd实现mysql高可用集群

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:48 PM
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DRBD:DistributedReplicatedBlockDevice分布式复制块设备,原理图如下DRBD有主双架构和双主架构的,当处于主从架构时,这个设备一定只有一个节点是可以读写的,

DRBD:Distributed Replicated Block Device 分布式复制块设备,原理图如下

image_thumb3

DRBD有主双架构和双主架构的,当处于主从架构时,这个设备一定只有一个节点是可以读写的,另外的节点是不可读的,连挂载都不可能,只有一个节点是主的,其它节点都是从的。当做为主主架构时,需要达到几个条件,1.在高可用集群中启用DRBD;  2. 启用分布式文件锁功能,即需要把磁盘格式化为集群文件系统(如GFS2,OCFS2等);3. 把DRBD做成资源。

数据的存储过程:当某个进程存储数据时在内核中通过DRBD模块复制一分通过TCP/IP套接字发送到从节点上去,从节点的DRBD在套接字上接收数据并通过DRBD模块存储到磁盘,并把结果返回给主节点 。但是内核传输的速度很快,而TCP报文的传输速度相对来说要慢得多,于是会把数据存入TCP协议栈的发送缓冲区,然后从缓冲区慢慢传递到从节点上。这个数据传输过程有三个模型:

           A : 异步模型,当内核把DRBD模块中复制的数据已经以报文方式发送到本地的TCP协议栈的缓冲区,至是从节点的数据是否已经传送到,保存是否完整,无法保证;

           B : 半同步模型,报文已经发送到从节点的套接字上,已经接收,并发往内核,但从节点的存储过程没有回应过程。

           C:同步模型,,报文发往从节点,从节点已经接收,并发往内核,内核已经把数据报文存储到磁盘,并把结果返回给主节点,这个是默认的数据传输模型,可以保证数据的完整性。

 

安装环境:

centos6.5,安装corosync和pacemaker过程请参见上一篇博客,上一个环境安装的配置接口是crmsh,这里安装的是pcs,安装pcs比较简单,#yum install pcs –y  即可

安装完成后集群状态如下:

image_thumb4

现在看到两个集群节点mysql1 mysql2在线,pacemaker是做为插件在使用的,没有stonith设备,只有两个节点,所以quorum也要忽略

#pcs property set stonith-enabled=false 

# pcs property set no-quorum-policy=ignore

#pcs config show                                               查看配置文件

image_thumb5

显示错误还没有集群配置文件,stonith已经禁用,quorum已经忽略

安装drbd:

根据官方文档,drbd在内核2.6.33版本以后就已经装载进了内核,不需要再额外安装drbd,只需要安装drbdadm管理软件就行,我这里用的是centos6.5,内核版本是2.6.32,所以还需要安装

image_thumb7

drbd版本有8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4,我这里用的是已经做好的rpm包进行安装,下载目录:ftp://rpmfind.net/linux/atrpms/

把drbd的两个rpm包放在/root目录下,然后执行# yum --nogpgcheck localinstall *.rpm

--nogpgcheck 不执行gpg检测,因为在centos里面没有认证文件

image_thumb8

在两个节点上安装完成。加载DRBD模块

[root@mysql1 ~]# modprobe drbd [root@mysql1 ~]# lsmod | grep drbd drbd 325978 0 libcrc32c 1246 1 drbd 创建一个新的磁盘分区做为DRBD的共享磁盘,我这里是xen虚拟机添加的一个磁盘/dev/xvdb,创建的磁盘为/dev/xvdb1 [root@mysql1 drbd.d]# fdisk /dev/xvdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x218cde3e. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/xvdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x218cde3e Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/xvdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

在mysql2节点上执行同样的操作。

配置drbd:

      在/etc目录下有一个文件drbd.conf 主配置文件,里面主要调用了/etc/drbd.d/目录下的配置文件

 

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