Home Database Mysql Tutorial 与MSSQL对比学习MYSQL的心得(八)--插入 更新 删除

与MSSQL对比学习MYSQL的心得(八)--插入 更新 删除

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:28 PM
mssql mysql delete study Compared Experience insert renew

同样的,只会讲解跟SQLSERVER不同的地方 插入 将多行查询结果插入到表中 语法 INSERT INTO table_name1(column_list1) SELECT (column_list2) FROM table_name2 WHERE (condition) INSERT INTO SELECT 在SQLSERVER里也是支持的 table_name1指定待插入数据的

同样的,只会讲解跟SQLSERVER不同的地方

插入

将多行查询结果插入到表中

语法

INSERT INTO table_name1(column_list1) SELECT (column_list2) FROM table_name2 WHERE (condition)
Copy after login

INSERT INTO SELECT 在SQLSERVER里也是支持的

table_name1指定待插入数据的表;column_list1指定待插入表中要插入数据的哪些列;table_name2指定插入数据是从

哪个表中查询出来的;column_list2指定数据来源表的查询列,该列表必须和column_list1列表中的字段个数相同,数据类型相同;

condition指定SELECT语句的查询条件

从person_old表中查询所有的记录,并将其插入到person表

CREATE TABLE person (
 id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 NAME CHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
 age INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 info CHAR(50) NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (id)
)

CREATE TABLE person_old (
 id INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 NAME CHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
 age INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 info CHAR(50) NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (id)
)

INSERT INTO person_old
VALUES (11,'Harry',20,'student'),(12,'Beckham',31,'police')

SELECT * FROM person_old

Copy after login

可以看到,插入记录成功,person_old表现在有两条记录。接下来将person_oldperson_old表中的所有记录插入到person表

INSERT INTO person(id,NAME,age,info)
SELECT id,NAME,age,info FROM person_old;

SELECT * FROM person 

Copy after login

可以看到数据转移成功,这里的id字段为自增的主键,在插入时要保证该字段值的唯一性,如果不能确定,可以插入的时候忽略该字段,

只插入其他字段的值

如果再执行一次就会出错

MYSQL和SQLSERVER的区别:

区别一

当要导入的数据中有重复值的时候,MYSQL会有三种方案

方案一:使用 ignore 关键字
方案二:使用 replace into
方案三:ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE

第二和第三种方案这里不作介绍,因为比较复杂,而且不符合要求,这里只讲第一种方案

TRUNCATE TABLE person

TRUNCATE TABLE persona_old 

INSERT INTO person_old
VALUES (11,'Harry',20,'student'),(12,'Beckham',31,'police')

##注意下面这条insert语句是没有ignore关键字的
INSERT INTO person(id,NAME,age,info)
SELECT id,NAME,age,info FROM person_old;

INSERT INTO person_old 
VALUES (13,'kay',26,'student')

##注意下面这条insert语句是有ignore关键字的
INSERT IGNORE INTO person(id,NAME,age,info)
SELECT id,NAME,age,info FROM person_old;

Copy after login

可以看到插入成功

SQLSERVER

在SQLSERVER这边,如果要忽略重复键,需要在建表的时候指定 WITH (IGNORE_DUP_KEY = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

这样在插入重复值的时候,SQLSERVER第一次会保留值,第二次发现有重复值的时候,SQLSERVER就会忽略掉

区别二

插入自增列时的区别

SQLSERVER需要使用 SET IDENTITY_INSERT 表名 ON 才能把自增字段的值插入到表中,如果不加 SET IDENTITY_INSERT 表名 ON

则在插入数据到表中时,不能指定自增字段的值,则id字段不能指定值,SQLSERVER会自动帮你自动增加一

INSERTINTO person(NAME,age,info) VALUES ('feicy',33,'student')

Copy after login

而MYSQL则不需要,而且自由度非常大

你可以将id字段的值指定为NULL,MYSQL会自动帮你增一

INSERTINTO person(id,NAME,age,info) VALUES (NULL,'feicy',33,'student')
Copy after login


也可以指定值

INSERT IGNORE INTO person(id,NAME,age,info) VALUES (16,'tom',88,'student')

Copy after login

也可以不写id的值,MYSQL会自动帮你增一

INSERT IGNORE INTO person(NAME,age,info) VALUES ('amy',12,'bb')

Copy after login

你可以指定id字段的值也可以不指定,指定的时候只要当前id字段列没有你正在插入的那个值就可以,即没有重复值就可以

自由度非常大,而且无须指定 SET IDENTITY_INSERT 表名 ON 选项

区别三

唯一索引的NULL值重复问题

MYSQL

在MYSQL中UNIQUE 索引将会对null字段失效

insert into test(a) values(null)
 
insert into test(a) values(null)
Copy after login


上面的插入语句是可以重复插入的(联合唯一索引也一样)

SQLSERVER

SQLSERVER则不行

CREATE TABLE person (
 id INT NOT NULL IDENTITY(1,1),
 NAME CHAR(40) NULL DEFAULT '',
 age INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
 info CHAR(50) NULL,
 PRIMARY KEY (id)
)

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX IX_person_unique ON [dbo].[person](name)

INSERT INTO [dbo].[person]
    ( [NAME], [age], [info] )
VALUES ( NULL, -- NAME - char(40)
     1, -- age - int
     'aa' -- info - char(50)
     ),
     ( NULL, -- NAME - char(40)
     2, -- age - int
     'bb' -- info - char(50)
     )

Copy after login

消息 2601,级别 14,状态 1,第 1 行
不能在具有唯一索引“IX_person_unique”的对象“dbo.person”中插入重复键的行。重复键值为 (<NULL>)。
语句已终止。
Copy after login


更新

更新比较简单,就不多说了

UPDATE person SET info ='police' WHERE id BETWEEN 14 AND 17

SELECT * FROM person

Copy after login

删除

删除person表中一定范围的数据

DELETE FROM person WHERE id BETWEEN 14 AND 17

SELECT * FROM person

Copy after login

如果要删除表的所有记录可以使用下面的两种方法

##方法一
DELETE FROM person

##方法二
TRUNCATE TABLE person
跟SQLSERVER一样,TRUNCATE TABLE会比DELETE FROM TABLE 快

MYISAM引擎下的测试结果,30行记录


跟SQLSERVER一样,执行完TRUNCATE TABLE后,自增字段重新从一开始。

################################
INSERT IGNORE INTO person(id,NAME,age,info)
SELECT id,NAME,age,info FROM person_old;

SELECT * FROM person

TRUNCATE TABLE person

INSERT IGNORE INTO person(NAME,age,info) VALUES ('amy',12,'bb')

SELECT * FROM person

Copy after login

当你刚刚truncate了表之后执行下面语句就会看到重新从一开始

SHOW TABLE STATUS LIKE 'person'

Copy after login

总结

这一节介绍了MYSQL里的的插入、更新和删除,并且比较了与SQLSERVER的区别,特别是MYSQL里插入语句的灵活性

刚刚开始从SQLSERVER转过来可能会有一些不适应

如有不对的地方,欢迎大家拍砖o(∩_∩)o

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

Java Tutorial
1663
14
PHP Tutorial
1266
29
C# Tutorial
1239
24
MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications Apr 17, 2025 am 12:23 AM

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

Laravel Introduction Example Laravel Introduction Example Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:45 PM

Laravel is a PHP framework for easy building of web applications. It provides a range of powerful features including: Installation: Install the Laravel CLI globally with Composer and create applications in the project directory. Routing: Define the relationship between the URL and the handler in routes/web.php. View: Create a view in resources/views to render the application's interface. Database Integration: Provides out-of-the-box integration with databases such as MySQL and uses migration to create and modify tables. Model and Controller: The model represents the database entity and the controller processes HTTP requests.

MySQL and phpMyAdmin: Core Features and Functions MySQL and phpMyAdmin: Core Features and Functions Apr 22, 2025 am 12:12 AM

MySQL and phpMyAdmin are powerful database management tools. 1) MySQL is used to create databases and tables, and to execute DML and SQL queries. 2) phpMyAdmin provides an intuitive interface for database management, table structure management, data operations and user permission management.

Solve database connection problem: a practical case of using minii/db library Solve database connection problem: a practical case of using minii/db library Apr 18, 2025 am 07:09 AM

I encountered a tricky problem when developing a small application: the need to quickly integrate a lightweight database operation library. After trying multiple libraries, I found that they either have too much functionality or are not very compatible. Eventually, I found minii/db, a simplified version based on Yii2 that solved my problem perfectly.

MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A Comparison MySQL vs. Other Programming Languages: A Comparison Apr 19, 2025 am 12:22 AM

Compared with other programming languages, MySQL is mainly used to store and manage data, while other languages ​​such as Python, Java, and C are used for logical processing and application development. MySQL is known for its high performance, scalability and cross-platform support, suitable for data management needs, while other languages ​​have advantages in their respective fields such as data analytics, enterprise applications, and system programming.

Laravel framework installation method Laravel framework installation method Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:54 PM

Article summary: This article provides detailed step-by-step instructions to guide readers on how to easily install the Laravel framework. Laravel is a powerful PHP framework that speeds up the development process of web applications. This tutorial covers the installation process from system requirements to configuring databases and setting up routing. By following these steps, readers can quickly and efficiently lay a solid foundation for their Laravel project.

MySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database Management MySQL for Beginners: Getting Started with Database Management Apr 18, 2025 am 12:10 AM

The basic operations of MySQL include creating databases, tables, and using SQL to perform CRUD operations on data. 1. Create a database: CREATEDATABASEmy_first_db; 2. Create a table: CREATETABLEbooks(idINTAUTO_INCREMENTPRIMARYKEY, titleVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, authorVARCHAR(100)NOTNULL, published_yearINT); 3. Insert data: INSERTINTObooks(title, author, published_year)VA

Solve MySQL mode problem: The experience of using the TheliaMySQLModesChecker module Solve MySQL mode problem: The experience of using the TheliaMySQLModesChecker module Apr 18, 2025 am 08:42 AM

When developing an e-commerce website using Thelia, I encountered a tricky problem: MySQL mode is not set properly, causing some features to not function properly. After some exploration, I found a module called TheliaMySQLModesChecker, which is able to automatically fix the MySQL pattern required by Thelia, completely solving my troubles.

See all articles